Abstract
In power grids worldwide, penetrations of renewable energy sources, e.g., wind and solar, are increasing at a dazzling speed. High penetrations introduce many new operational challenges since solar and wind are intermittent. Battery energy storage becomes a necessity. In the two most recent issues, <i>IEEE Electrification Magazine</i> has focused on battery energy storage technology at scale (December 2021) and grid-forming inverter technology for battery energy systems and renewable energy sources (March 2022). On the other hand, as stated by the former U.S. Department of Energy secretary, Ernest Moniz, net-zero emissions call for a supercharged decade of energy innovation in electricity generation, transportation, the heating of buildings, and so forth. All kinds of low-carbon tools and technologies are to be explored, not just solar, wind, and batteries.
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