Abstract
Abstract The δ18O values of vein quartz of different stages from the Yinshan ore deposit are constant around 16‰ and the calculated δ18OH2O values attain 8‰± the δ5DH2O . values of fluid inclusions in vein quartz are constant at about –60‰. From the surface down to 1200 m below the δl8O values of altered rocks gradually decrease from 15‰ ± to ll‰ ± . Various water–rock inversion calculations indicate that the ore fluids were formed by the interaction between meteoric water and phyllite at 350°C and the effective W/R value of around 0.1. When the water–rock exchange in the upper mineralization system took place, the effective W/R value increased to 5.0 or more. As a result, an evolution and mineralization model of a buffered open system with two–stage water–rock interactions is proposed in this study.
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