Abstract
The present study aims to use the Water Quality Index (WQI) modeling method to know about groundwater hydrochemistry and drinking suitability in and around (5 km) the Peenya industrial area/estate in Bengaluru city. For this research study, 116 bore well samples were collected and examined for the pre (dry) and post (wet) monsoon seasons in 2021, following APHA standard procedures. According to the BIS standard, the TH, Ca, Mg, NO3, and TDS exceed the desirable limits in both seasons. The water quality examination data shows that TDS concentration is found to be higher above the desired limit (500 mg/l) during the pre- (63%) and post- (45%) monsoon seasons. Furthermore, 55% (pre-monsoon) and 15% (post-monsoon) of the groundwater samples exceed the BIS’s nitrate allowable limit (45 mg/l). Among the analyzed samples, the calcium content in 19% and 20% of samples exceeded the desirable limit (75 mg/l), and magnesium content in 87% and 83% exceeded the desirable limit (30 mg/l) in pre- and post-monsoon seasons. In 95% of samples, TH content exceeded the desirable limit (200 mg/l) in both pre- and post-monsoon seasons. Piper diagram plots were utilized to determine sources of dissolved constituents, rock-water interaction, and other factors that influenced the region’s groundwater composition. Based on hydro-chemical facies the Ca-Mg-HCO3 type of water predominates in the study area during pre (dry) and post (wet)-monsoon seasons of the year 2021. The chemistry of groundwater has deteriorated significantly because of several industrial and anthropogenic activities. The WQI spatial distribution map shows that groundwater quality has the greatest impact in the west and a few places in the north and south regions of the research area. This study was conducted in Bangalore’s Peenya industrial area to determine whether groundwater is suitable for drinking, identify the mechanisms governing groundwater’s geochemistry, and evaluate the effects of an industrial area on groundwater quality. The primary focus of this study is the major ion chemistry in this field.
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