HYDRO-ECOLOGICAI CONDITION OF LAKE LYMAN (DVS RP "LYMANSKE" OF KHARKIV REGION)

Abstract

A comparative analysis of the hydro-ecological state of Lake Lyman (DVSRP "Lymanske" of the Kharkiv region) of the cooling reservoir of the Zmiyivska TPP (Siverski Dinets basin) was carried out for the study of ecological and genetic features of white (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and variegated (Aristichthys nobilis) carp using ISSR DNA markers during 2019-2020. The ecological state of water bodies is presented, the species composition of the biota, the natural fodder base and the factors influencing the environment on the conditions of aquaculture are defined; the ecological conditions of growing a population of different age groups of variegated (Aristichthys nobilis) and white carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in the conditions of the Lymanske DVSRP of the Kharkiv region were studied in 2019. The studied phytoplankton shows a rather significant increase in biomass compared to previous research results (1984-2010). A significant increase in the number of phytoplankton is also evidenced by the fixation of floating masses of phytoplankton in the reservoir with a layer of up to 2-3 cm, among which blue-green algae (Cyanophyta), dinophyta (Dinophyta), and diamond algae (Bacillariophyta) predominated in number. The zooplankton of Lake Lyman was represented by rather widespread forms of three main groups: Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda. The ichthyofauna of the cooling pond of the Zmiivskaya TPP, which now includes 28 species of fish from 8 families, was studied. The main factors in the formation of the composition of fish in the cooling reservoir are the thermal load of the station, fishing activity and regular supply of river water to the reservoir. Changes in the composition of the fish fauna in recent years are due to the massive spread of evribiont fish-intervenors (needle fish, stickleback), a decrease in the power plant's working capacity (chub fish, gustera, or whitefish), as well as the release of fish from cages when the latter are broken.