Abstract
ABSTRACT Local real-time control (RTC) represents a potentially cost-effective solution for stormwater management in urban drainage systems. Existing methodologies to select the location of flow control devices (FCDs) are limited to single gate systems and are based on analysis of activated storage volume capacity, without considering hydrodynamic processes or rainfall characteristics. In this paper, a new genetic algorithm (GA)–based methodology is developed to determine the optimal location of multiple FCDs in urban drainage networks, when assessing RTC performance through hydraulic analysis. The methodology is tested on a case study network, where a high number of possible FCD location arrangements are tested and compared, and the RTC effectiveness in reducing combined sewer overflows has been evaluated over a range of design storm events. Results demonstrate the capability of the proposed method in selecting robust FCD placement strategies, for example when designing local RTC systems to meet specific performance criteria.
Highlights
Urbanisation, rapid population growth and more intense rainfall events are placing urban drainage systems (UDS) under significant operational pressure (Berggren et al 2012; Miller and Hutchins 2017; Butler et al 2007; Todeschini 2012)
In case of 1 to 5 flow control devices (FCDs), genetic algorithm (GA) solutions correspond to locations along the pipe-line immediately upstream of the target location for all storms considered, where devices mobilise a larger storage capacity compared to other potential FCD locations within the network
Results on FCD locations obtained by the GA are in agreement with recommendations outlined by Sá Marques et al (2018), based on the implementation of a single FCD controlled by CENTAUR in a sewer network
Summary
Urbanisation, rapid population growth and more intense rainfall events are placing urban drainage systems (UDS) under significant operational pressure (Berggren et al 2012; Miller and Hutchins 2017; Butler et al 2007; Todeschini 2012). RTC systems in drainage networks are designed to operate and manage existing assets by monitoring the state of the system and regulating flow conditions in real time. They are usually implemented to mitigate urban flooding, regulate flows to wastewater treatment plants, reduce pollution for receiving waterbodies while minimizing capital and operational investments (Schütze et al 2008). In system-wide control systems, the operational objectives are reached using a global control strategy and asset control may rely on data collected in other locations within the drainage network, often in conjunction with hydrodynamic models and optimisation techniques. The operation of local RTC does not depend on the communication with other UDS assets and facilities, central RTC servers, or on-line models (Vitasovic 2006), enhancing the resilience to failure of the system
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