Abstract
The performance of flat stilling basins can be inadequate for conditions when the tailwater depth is insufficient for hydraulic jump stabilization. In such cases, adverse-slope stilling basins can be used because they reduce the necessary tailwater depth. Sloped basins combined with smooth chutes have been the subject of many studies. However, limited research has been done for basins with stepped chutes, which are characterized by intensive flow aeration and high energy dissipation. Based on our scale-model experimental measurements of depth, velocity, and air concentration, we present a momentum-based method to characterize such hydraulic jump: the sequent depth ratio, the length of hydraulic jump roller, and energy dissipation effectiveness. The proposed method provides better agreement with experimental data when compared to existing methods and can be used for preliminary design.
Highlights
Hydraulic jump stilling basins are the most commonly used energy dissipators
Stepped spillways have been thoroughly investigated by Boes and Hager [1,2], who offered a method for estimating the depths of the air-water mixture, air-concentrations, and energy dissipation effectiveness for skimming flow regime
Results are grouped according to the characteristics of F, B-F, and B jumps: (1) roller length, (2) sequent depth ratio, and (3) energy dissipation efficiency
Summary
Hydraulic jump stilling basins are the most commonly used energy dissipators. the roller of the hydraulic jump must be inside the basin, preventing potential downstream erosion. Beirami and Chamani [18,19] suggested a new type, called the B-F jump, which begins in the upstream channel of positive slope (spillway) and ends in the downstream channel of adverse (negative) slope They stated that the B-F jump exhibits stable behavior and presented a momentum-based method for estimating the sequent depth ratio, the hydraulic jump length, and the energy dissipation efficiency for both F and B-F jumps. Bateni and Yazdandoost [20] presented a similar semi-empirical method, based on the momentum analysis of the hydraulic jump and their experimental results To this date, limited research was published on the combined effects of stepped chute spillways and adverse-slope stilling basins. We discussed the feasibility of using adverse-slope hydraulic jump configurations when the tailwater depth is insufficient for hydraulic jump stabilization
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