Abstract
Crosses between Hordeum vulgare (2n = 2x = 14; HvHv) and hexaploid (2n =4x = 28 HchHchDD), hexaploid (2n = 6x =42; HchHchAABB), and octoploid (2n = 8x = 56; HchHchAABBDD) ×Tritordeum amphiploids have been carried out. The hybrid plants produced had the expected chromosome numbers, 2n = 3x = 21 (HvHchD), 2n = 4x = 28 (HvHchAB), and 2n = 8x = 35 (HvHchABD), respectively. The amphiploid between H. vulgare and hexaploid tritordeum was obtained by in vitro immature inflorescence culture of the HvHchAB hybrid. The amphiploid was sterile and no seed-set was obtained after backcrossing with hexaploid tritordeum. However, one plant with 38 chromosomes was obtained after backcrossing with durum wheat. Meiotic studies at metaphase I of the three hybrids showed a higher frequency of pairing in the HvHchD hybrid. Because of the presence of only one wheat genome and the absence of the B genome, the observed bivalents could be due either to homoeologous Hordeum chromosome pairing or homologous pairing between duplicated chromosomes as a result of chromosome instability.
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