Abstract
Chromosome duplication of Hordeum chilense and Triticum turgidum conv. durum hybrids created a new cereal with favorable characteristics for planting: the hexaploid tritordeum (X Tritordeum Ascherson et Graebner). A field experiment with three replications was carried out in Cordoba, Spain, to obtain more information on the potential yield of tritordeum for grain yield and its components. The performance of two advanced tritordeums was compared with the yield of two commercial wheat varieties, two durum wheats and four triticales. Results showed that tritordeum has a great potential for the development of highly productive varieties, especially because it is a new and rarely bred species.
Highlights
Modern agronomic practices have contributed to the reduction of the number of cultivated species and their loss of genetic variability (Frankel and Hawkes, 1975)
One alternative response to the process of genetic erosion is the development of new species by chromosomal duplication of hybrids between two species
This process has been used with the tribe Triticeae for the synthesis of triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack), an amphiploid between durum wheat
Summary
Modern agronomic practices have contributed to the reduction of the number of cultivated species and their loss of genetic variability (Frankel and Hawkes, 1975). This reduction in genetic variability among cultivated species may interfere in the development superior materials. One alternative response to the process of genetic erosion is the development of new species by chromosomal duplication of hybrids between two species. This process has been used with the tribe Triticeae for the synthesis of triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack), an amphiploid between durum wheat Since the sucess of Kruse (1973) in obtaining hybrids between barley and wheat (Hordeum vulgare and Triticum aestivum, T. dicoccum and T. monococcum), many authors have attempted crosses between the two genera, but only few fertile hybrids (Martin and Chapman, 1977; Kimber and Sallee, 1979) were obtained by chromosome doubling with colchicine
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