Hybrid Nanofluids as Renewable and Sustainable Colloidal Suspensions for Potential Photovoltaic/Thermal and Solar Energy Applications.

Tahir Rasheed,Amani Saleh Almuslem,Tariq Hussain,Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar,Fwzah H Alshammari,Jazib Ali,Norah Alwadai,Komal Rizwan,Muhammad Bilal

doi:10.3389/fchem.2021.737033

Abstract

The comparative utilization of solar thermal or photovoltaic systems has significantly increased to fulfill the requirement of electricity and heat since few decades. These hybrid systems produce both thermal and electrical energy simultaneously. In recent times, increasing interest is being redirected by researchers in exploiting variety of nanoparticles mixed with miscellaneous base fluids (hybrid nanofluid) for these hybrid systems. This new class of colloidal suspensions has many fascinating advantages as compared to conventional types of nanofluids because of their modified and superior rheological and thermophysical properties which makes them appealing for solar energy devices. Here, we have attempted to deliver an extensive overview of the synthetic methodologies of hybrid nanofluids and their potential in PV/T and solar thermal energy systems. A detailed comparison between conventional types of nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids has been carried out to present in-depth understanding of the advantages of the hybrid nanofluids. The documented reports reveal that enhanced thermal properties of hybrid nanofluids promise the increased performance of solar thermal PV/T systems. Additionally, the unique properties such as nanoparticles concentration and type of base fluid, etc. greatly influence the behavior of hybrid nanofluidic systems. Finally, the outlook, suggestions, and challenges for future research directions are discussed.

Highlights

The widespread growth of industrial and world’s population results in the global energy crisis
The report presented by Gallego and co-workers reveals that the addition of SDBS (0.32 wt%) to a hybrid nanofluidic system containing Al2O3 shows increased temporal stability, while the thermal conductivity and surface tension reduced greatly (Gallego et al, 2020) (Figure 2)
The studies presented in this review article reveal that the use of hybrid nanofluids in solar energy and photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems have promising impacts on the energy efficiencies of the devices

Summary

INTRODUCTION

The widespread growth of industrial and world’s population results in the global energy crisis. The report presented by Gallego and co-workers reveals that the addition of SDBS (0.32 wt%) to a hybrid nanofluidic system containing Al2O3 shows increased temporal stability, while the thermal conductivity and surface tension reduced greatly (Gallego et al, 2020) (Figure 2). In another approach, the addition of PVP to a TiO2/W nanofluid improved the dispersibility and the viscosity was increased which effects the thermal conductivity. The scientists are working on the methods to improve the thermophysical attributes of a base fluid by engaging NPs in it Stability is another important factor (primary factor) to obtain better heat transfer effects while nanofluids are investigated.

Result

Findings

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE OUTLOOK