Abstract
The paper presents the experimental measurements of thermal efficiency of a tubular direct absorption solar collector (DASC) with a hybrid nanofluid based on magnetite (Fe3O4) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The volumetric concentration of Fe3O4 and MWCNT was 0.0053% and 0.0045%, respectively. The experiments were carried out for the flow rates of 2–10 L/min and a temperature difference up to 20 ∘C between the environment and the DASC. The performance of the DASC with a hybrid nanofluid was in the range of 52.3–69.4%, which was just beyond the performance of the collector with surface absorption. It was also found that using a MWCNT-based nanofluid with an equivalent total volumetric concentration of particles (0.0091%), the efficiency was 8.3–31.5% higher than for the cases with the hybrid nanofluid.
Highlights
Nanofluids (NFs) are stable solutions of nanosized particles dispersed in a carrier fluid [1]
With different and often superior thermal properties compared to a single-phase liquid [2,3,4], nanofluids improve the performance of thermal equipment [5], including solar collectors, both with surface absorption of solar radiation [6] and direct absorption solar collectors [7]
The present study revealed that the thermal efficiency of the tubular direct absorption collector with Fe3 O4 /multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) nanofluid was in the range of 52.3–69.4%
Summary
Nanofluids (NFs) are stable solutions of nanosized particles dispersed in a carrier fluid [1]. With different and often superior thermal properties compared to a single-phase liquid [2,3,4], nanofluids improve the performance of thermal equipment [5], including solar collectors, both with surface absorption of solar radiation [6] and direct absorption solar collectors [7]. The direct absorption solar collector (DASC) with nanofluid is a perspective type of solar collector. An important feature of DASC is the volumetric absorption of solar radiation. It may result in a relatively cold outer surface and reduce thermal leaks. It is reported in the literature that nanofluids consisting of two or more types of particles (hybrid NF)
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