Abstract

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Highlights

  • “One-and-a-half billion people live in areas affected by fragility, conflict, or largescale, organized criminal violence, and no low-income fragile or conflict-affected country has yet to achieve a single United Nations Millennium Development Goal (UNMDG)

  • Creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2 Anne Malin Marie Schuemann is a senior at Boston University where she is pursuing a double major in International Relations and Psychology

  • 3 Guthrie Kuckes is a junior at Boston University where he is pursuing a major in International

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Summary

Introduction

“One-and-a-half billion people live in areas affected by fragility, conflict, or largescale, organized criminal violence, and no low-income fragile or conflict-affected country has yet to achieve a single United Nations Millennium Development Goal (UNMDG). The Coming Anarchy: Shattering the Dreams of the Post Cold War (New York, NY: Random House, 2000): xi; Steven Metz, “The Future of Insurgency,” report, Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College (December 10, 1993): 24-25, https://perma.cc/5MYH-C56H 6 Mario Silva, State Legitimacy and Failure in International Law (Leiden, NLD: Brill Nijhoff, 2014): 1; “Organized Crime and Its Role in Contemporary Conflict: An Analysis of UN Security Council Resolutions,” report, Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime (September 2018), https://perma.cc/9GZD-BYP2 7 Robert Killebrew, “Criminal Insurgency in the Americas and Beyond,” Prism 2.3 (2011): 34-35, https://www.jstor.org/stable/26469130; Ioan Grillo, El Narco: Inside Mexico’s Criminal Insurgency (New York, NY: Bloomsbury Press, 2012), loc. Introduction to Global Politics, 5th ed. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2019), 81. 9 Killebrew, “Criminal Insurgency in the Americas and Beyond,” 35

Volume XIV
The Developmental Trajectory of Hybrid Insurgencies
Violent Equilibrium
Defining Insurgency
Greed and Grievances
Profit and Legitimacy
The Desire for Profit
Mexico and the Drug Cartels
Afghanistan and the Taliban
Conclusion
Ideological Spiritual

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