Abstract
The development of efficient synthetic strategies for incorporating antibacterial coatings into textiles for pharma and medical applications is of great interest. This paper describes the preparation of functional nonwoven fabrics coated with polyaniline (PANI) via in situ polymerization of aniline in aqueous solution. The effect of three different monomer concentrations on the level of polyaniline coating on the fibers comprising the fabrics, and its electrical resistivities and antibacterial attributes, were studied. Experimental results indicated that weight gains of 0.7 and 3.0 mg/cm2 of PANI were achieved. These levels of coatings led to the reduction of both volume and surface resistivities by several orders of magnitude for PANI-coated polyester-viscose fabrics, i.e., from 108 to 105 (Ω/cm) and from 109 to 105 Ω/square, respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed the incorporation of PANI coating with an average thickness of 0.4–1.5 µm, while Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) demonstrated the preservation of the thermal stability of the pristine fabrics. The unique molecular structure of PANI, consisting of quaternary ammonium ions under acidic conditions, yielded an antibacterial effect in the modified fabrics. The results revealed that all types of PANI-coated fabrics totally killed S. aureus bacteria, while PANI-coated viscose fabrics also demonstrated 100% elimination of S. epidermidis bacteria. In addition, PANI-coated, PET-viscose and PET fabrics showed 2.5 log and 5.5 log reductions against S. epidermidis, respectively.
Highlights
IntroductionFunctional textiles have received industrial consideration as well as research attention
During the past decade, functional textiles have received industrial consideration as well as research attention
We developed a process for grafting nonwoven fabrics with an antibacterial polymer based on polyaniline (PANI) using water as a solvent
Summary
Functional textiles have received industrial consideration as well as research attention. Despite the significant progress that has been achieved in the fabrication of antibacterial fabrics, their industrial realization still requires the study of efficient and green coating processes to ensure uniform coverage with good adhesion and effective concentrations of the active materials. With this goal, we developed a process for grafting nonwoven fabrics with an antibacterial polymer based on polyaniline (PANI) using water as a solvent. These ions cause better electron delocalization, converting the nonconductive emeraldine base into a conductive salt form These unique features, combined with the antibacterial activity of quaternary ammonium ions, make polyaniline a good candidate for the fabrication of antibacterial coatings for textiles. To the best of our knowledge, the combined effect of antibacterial and electrical conductivity
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