Abstract
Surfactant doped polyaniline was synthesized in the aqueous solution of aniline and anionic surfactant of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFO) by chemical synthesis using potassium peroxy disulphate as an oxidant by varying the aniline to surfactant ratio. The solubility of the chemically prepared surfactant doped polyaniline (PANI) was ascertained and it showed good solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), acetone, acetonitrile, ethanol, aceticacid, trichloroethylene, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, ethylacetate, diethylether, toluene, chloroform and sparingly soluble in n-hexane and water. The prepared polymers were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetric (CV), EIS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis of UV-visible and FTIR showed that aniline has been polymerized to PANI in its conducting emeraldine form. FTIR spectra showed that the peaks at 1670, 3315 and 1400 cm-1 corresponded to PFO. FTIR spectra showed that amine peak observed at 1593 cm-1 was shifted to lower wave number due to the interaction between PANI and the surfactant. SEM analysis showed that the variation in morphology of doped PANI was predominantly dependent on the concentration of the surfactant. Elemental analysis was done by energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDAX) which shows the presence of C, N, O, S and F. XRD pattern showed that the formation of nanosized (18 nm) and crystalline polymer. CV studies of the synthesized polymer exhibited good adherent behavior on electrode surface. It exhibited three oxidation peaks at approximately 0.283 V, 0.541 V and 0.989 V and two reduction peaks at 0.1421 and 0.3854 V. Electrical conductivity of PFO doped PANI was studied by impedance spectroscopic method.
Highlights
Conducting polymers have become a popular basic material for advanced applications such as rechargeable batteries [1], optical devices [2], membranes [3], sensors and biosensors [4] [5], electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding [6], antistatic coatings [7], etc
The absorption band at 373 nm was attributed to the π-π* transition within benzoid segment and at 452 nm was related to the polaron band-π* transition of PANI
Nano-sized PANI-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFO) particles were prepared by chemical oxidation method with anionic surfactant
Summary
Conducting polymers have become a popular basic material for advanced applications such as rechargeable batteries [1], optical devices [2], membranes [3], sensors and biosensors [4] [5], electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding [6], antistatic coatings [7], etc. Surfactants used as additives during the polymerization of aniline to effect the locus polymerization by using the emulsion [16] [17] or inverse emulsion [18]-[20] pathways, and to modify the molecular and supermolecular structure of the resulting PANI, and to improve the properties of the PANI with respect to conductivity, stability, solubility in organic solvents and processability. Surfactants affect the preparation of PANI in three ways: 1) the presence of surfactant micellar and aqueous phases, altering the locus and the course of polymerization [18] [23], 2) anionic surfactants may acting as counter ions for conducting-polymer polycations, and 3) the hydrophobic part of the surfactant molecules may adsorbing on the produced conducting polymers, a surfactant becoming a part of the resulting material. It is found that electrical conductivity of PANI-PFO was better than that of PANI and governed by changing the concentration of surfactant during the polymerization of aniline
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