Abstract
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) replenishment therapy consists of the instillation of GAG solutions directly in the bladder to alleviate Bladder Painful Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis (BPS/IC). However, several issues were reported with this strategy because the GAG solutions are rapidly eliminated from the bladder by spontaneous voiding, and GAG have low bioadhesive behaviors. Herein, GAG nanomaterials with typical flattened morphology were obtained by a self-assembly process. The formation mechanism of those nanomaterials, denoted as nanoplatelets, involves the interaction of α-cyclodextrin cavity and alkyl chains covalently grafted on the GAG. Three GAG were used in this investigation, hyaluronan (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and heparin (HEP). HA NP showed the best anti-inflammatory activity in an LPS-induced in vitro inflammation model of macrophages. They also exhibited the best therapeutic efficacy in a BPS/IC rat inflammation model. Histological examinations of the bladders revealed that HA NP significantly reduced bladder inflammation and regenerated the bladder mucosa. This investigation could open new perspectives to alleviate BPS/IC through GAG replenishment therapy.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
