Abstract
Simple SummaryVarious euthanasia methods are currently employed for guinea pigs at their experimental or humane endpoint; however, many have significant limitations or negative animal welfare implications. Captive bolt euthanasia has been used in the guinea pig meat industry but has not been explored in a research setting. This work aimed to investigate the use of a penetrating spring-loaded captive bolt gun as a refinement to guinea pig euthanasia in research. The study found that when compared to blunt force trauma, the captive bolt procedure performed well against all parameters of humane slaughter of production animals and appears to be a feasible refinement for animal welfare.Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) have been used in research since the 19th century to collect data due to their physiological similarities to humans. Today, animals perform a vital role in experiments and concerns for laboratory animal welfare are enshrined in the 3R framework of reduction, refinement and replacement. This case study explores a refinement in humane euthanasia of guinea pigs via the use of an irreversible penetrating spring-loaded captive bolt (CB). Penetrating spring-loaded CB stunning for euthanasia (CBE) was performed on 12 guinea pigs with the parameters for humane slaughter of production animals in order to assess the suitability of this method of euthanasia in contrast to blunt force trauma (BFT). All 12 of the guinea pigs were rendered immediately unconscious with excellent experimental tissue quality collection, high repeatability of results and operator (n = 8) preference over BFT. Overall, CBE in guinea pigs appears to be a feasible refinement for animal welfare, human preference and improved tissue quality for experimental collection in settings where uncontaminated tissues are required.
Highlights
For over 200 years, guinea pigs have played an important role as an animal model in biomedical research due to their greater physiological parallels with humans in comparison to other species of rodents and rabbits [1,2]
CB stunning for euthanasia (CBE) in guinea pigs appears to be a feasible refinement for animal welfare, human preference and improved tissue quality for experimental collection in settings where uncontaminated tissues are required
Captive bolt (CB) is a technique that can be applied in the humane euthanasia of animals
Summary
For over 200 years, guinea pigs have played an important role as an animal model in biomedical research due to their greater physiological parallels with humans in comparison to other species of rodents and rabbits [1,2]. There is an increasing level of awareness and importance of animal welfare at each stage of research with animals which includes ensuring a humane death. The full replacement of animals in some areas of research can be difficult, and at times animal use may still be required. Animals 2020, 10, 1356 replaced, it is incumbent on the research community to apply the principle of refinement at all stages of research to improve animal welfare and care [6]. Captive bolt (CB) is a technique that can be applied in the humane euthanasia of animals
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