Human Sciences: Another Experience of Substantiating Socio-Humanitarian Knowledge

Abstract

Introduction. The article raises the problem of methodological foundations of sociohumanitarian knowledge. The opinion that has been established since the constitution of the social and humanitarian sciences that there are fundamental differences in the methodology of natural science and socio-humanitarian knowledge has become perceived as an axiom. This situation did not contribute to the creation of an adequate theory capable of sufficiently implementing the explanatory and predictive functions of science in this area.Methodology and sources. Obstacles to the creation of an adequate methodology for the study of human existence are misunderstood thesis about the specifics of socio-humanitarian knowledge and inadequate understanding of the nature of the object of socio-humanitarian knowledge. The unity of criteria and standards of scientific research in the natural sciences and socio-humanitarian sciences is achieved on the basis of the post-non-classical model of science. The concept of scientific paradigms developed by V.S. Stepin can serve as a source of a new approach to the formation of the methodology of socio-humanitarian knowledge.Results and discussion. The classical model of scientific research posited the opposite of the method of natural and socio-humanitarian sciences on the basis of the opposite of the methods of mastering the objects of research: sensory means and intelligible. In this way, indeed, it is impossible to combine the criteria and standards of science in relation to natural science and socio-humanitarian research.Conclusion. The post-non-classical model of science is based on the understanding of the research object from the point of view of its structure, which allows us to consider the phenomena of human existence as having a single nature with the object of natural science, since in both cases, objects have a complex, systemic nature and belong to self-developing objects.