Introduction. The article presents the results of a study of the speech behavior of the person in a situation of objection. Objection is considered to be a leading communicative strategy in case of inconsistency of positions. The author of the article believes that situational models are stored in the addressee's mind, and he plans his speech behavior according to them.Methodology and sources. A comprehensive methodology was used, including general scientific (analysis, systematization, modeling) and specific linguistic methods (contextual analysis, interpretative analysis). The research material includes English-language scientific articles dated 1931-2006 and posted on the Semantic Scholar scientific literature platform. The articles relate to various fields of science (economics, ecology, linguistics, biology, medicine, etc.), so it is possible to show the universality of the tactics and techniques used. The fragments containing an opposite and/or alternative point of view about the present knowledge were selected using a continuous sampling method.Results and discussion. It has been determined that when implementing the communicative strategy of objection, a person tends to use a set of tactics and techniques. The linguistic means of their objectification are defined. It has been established that the speech actions of the objector are usually organized in a certain order. Typical models of speech behavior in the situation of objection are proposed.Conclusion. When expressing an opposite and/or alternative opinion, participants resort to similar communicative actions. The choice and linguistic means of their objectification are determined by the need to comply with the norms of institutional communication.

Introduction. This article discusses the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in sociological research. The relevance of the topic is determined by the increasing interest in applying new technologies to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of research in social sciences. GAI provides new opportunities for data collection, processing, and analysis, which can significantly change traditional approaches in sociology.Methodology and sources. The research is based on an analysis of available publications and experimental data obtained during discussions with sociologists using GAI in their projects. The paper examines methodologies for generating surveys, processing respondents' answers, and analyzing big data using machine learning algorithms. The focus is on specific cases of GAI applications in sociological research, as well as examples of successful projects.Results and discussion. The results of the study demonstrate that the use of GAI allows for significantly accelerating the data processing process and enhancing the quality of the data. New patterns and trends in sociological research have been identified, enabling researchers to draw more accurate and justified conclusions. Ethical aspects related to the use of GAI are also discussed, such as issues of confidentiality and algorithmic bias.Conclusion. Generative artificial intelligence represents a powerful tool capable of transforming sociological research. Despite existing challenges, it opens new horizons for data collection and analysis, fostering a deeper understanding of social processes and phenomena. It is important to continue exploring the possibilities and limitations of GAI for the advancement of sociological science.

Introduction. A high level of political trust is an important element of stable and effective public administration. At the present stage, the topic of the study of political trust in Russia has gained additional relevance due to the significant changes taking place in all public spheres in connection with the growth of international tensions. The aim of this study is to determine the levels of trust of young people in the Kaliningrad Oblast towards domestic political actors representing the Russian authorities.Methodology and sources. The research is based on the works of Russian researchers devoted to the study of the peculiarities of political trust of Russian residents. On the basis of that there were put forward the hypotheses. The empirical base of the research was the data obtained in the course of a mass survey of young people in the Kaliningrad Oblast (n = 397). The indices of trust in the authorities and political leaders were calculated on their basis.Results and discussion. The results of the sociological research conducted by the method of online questionnaire are presented. Significant differences in assessments of trust of young people in the Kaliningrad region have been revealed and its levels in relation to the authorities and political leaders have been determined. The highest level of trust is recorded in relation to the Governor of the Kaliningrad Oblast, the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and the President of the Russian Federation. The average level of trust is demonstrated by young people in relation to state security bodies, the governments of the Russian Federation and the Kaliningrad region, the court and the regional parliament. The State Duma, the Council of Federation, the head of the Kaliningrad administration and the head of the City of Kaliningrad have a low level of trust.Conclusion. It has been revealed that the political trust of young people in the Kaliningrad region is characterised by the features, which are typical for the Russian population as a whole, such as a high level of trust in the head of state, low trust in parliament and personalisation of trust. Among the specific features of the political trust of young people in the region we can single out a high degree of trust in the governor, as well as the absence of significant differences in trust in the authorities of the federal and regional levels.

Introduction. The article is devoted to a set of problems related to manipulative influence on the addressee in the mass media, in which the component of information is increasingly aimed at changing public consciousness in order to achieve information superiority and, as a result, to obtain political benefits. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the study of the formation of new background knowledge by appealing to existing stereotypes that affect the perception and interpretation of facts of the surrounding reality. The relevance of this study lies in the growing interest in the problems of speech influence, in the ways and linguistic means of implementing influence.Methodology and sources. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is formed by linguistic studies of media discourse by T.G. Dobrosklonskaya, G.A. Kopnina; studies of political linguistics, in particular political manipulation, and semiotics of political discourse by E.I. Sheigal, O.V. Mingaleva, O.L. Mikhaleva. The empirical material of the study ist based on political articles of German-language journals for 2020–2024, as well as statistical data of German corpus: DWDS and the German reference corpus DeReKo.Results and discussion. The article describes the main speech techniques and linguistic means of creating and broadcasting stereotypes, through which a picture of the world and, as a result, public opinion is formed in the minds of the mass addressee. The main tactics of speech influence are considered, implying an explicit or implicit assessment of reality in order to influence the emotional and evaluative attitudes of the mass addressee.Conclusion. In political media texts, in particular in German-speaking ones, tactics of speech influence are actively used: opposition, accusation, offense, threat, demonization, as well as manipulative techniques such as omission and/or distortion of information in order to form ideologized stereotypes among the mass addressee and, as a result, influence public consciousness.

Introduction. In recent years, the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in social life has increased. Innovations in the field of AI create not only new opportunities for a person and society as a whole, but also risks, problems and threats, which leads to the actualization of a risk-oriented approach towards the regulation of AI development on both the international and national levels. The problem of AI risk management has several interrelated areas, one of the central ones is the problem of identification of values on which the ethics of AI is built. The article considers issues related to the value-oriented direction of development of contemporary AI.Methodology and sources. In the article there were used the methodology of cultural philosophical, axiological and interdisciplinary approaches is used. The sources used in the article are scientific research of domestic and foreign authors, documents, publications and websites devoted to the current state of AI and its problems.Results and discussion. The topic of contemporary AI is developing as a special area of scientific and disciplinary knowledge, as well as a scalable AI industry. One of the latest trends in the current AI is emotional AI and its capabilities in establishing effective communication with person. However, despite the revolutionary nature of the new AI technology and the special significance of this innovation in AI communication with person, the problems of ethics and the value-oriented development of contemporary AI are defined by experts as key problems of our time.Conclusion. Contemporary AI is analyzed today from the standpoint of various classifications, the central place is occupied by the classification based on the comparison of human intelligence and AI. In this regard, the formalization of moral values and ethical principles in the process of developing and operating AI algorithms is important for the value-oriented human-AI interaction. However, the system of universal human values and AI values coincide only partially. As a result, new approaches emerge that do not compare AI and human intelligence, in particular, the interdisciplinary approach «4E Cognition», which is considered by experts as the most productive in all respects.

Introduction. The aim of the article is to define the differences in the use of the terms ‘subject’ and ‘actor’ in the context of social science disciplines and the terms ‘subject of management’ and ‘discursant’ in the sociology of management. The purpose of the article is related to the formulation of the task of sociological research. All this takes into account the specifics of the subject of management in modern self-organizing communities conducting remote polylogue.Methodology and sources. The works of A. A. Bogdanov, S. L. Rubinstein, V. E. Lepsky, A. A. Merzlyakov, B. Latour, M. Archer were used during the work with the article. The descriptive approach which was used allowed us to specify the key terms. The qualitative aspect of the content analysis revealed interpretations of the terms in different scientific disciplines, while the quantitative aspect revealed research interest in the phenomenon. The apperception method enriched the existing ideas about the subjects of management.Results and discussion. Based on the identified problems, the result of the justified use of the term ‘management subject’ as opposed to the term ‘actor’ has been achieved. For polysubject environments, including remote polylogue in the digital environment, it is necessary to use the term ‘polysubject’ at the level of generalisation, and at the individual level the introduction of the special term ‘discursant’ is proposed, which allows us to put emphasis on the definition of the ontological component of the subject of management.Conclusion. The study showed that in the paradigm of the polysubject in the digital polylogue it is possible to set a task for a relevant sociological study related to the increased activity of self-organizing communities in the digital environment.

Introduction. Media is closely related to discourse. Female metaphor in the media is not a simple reflection of the objective world, but a selective and conscious construction of female image in social reality. This study explores the metaphorical construction of Chinese female images in the blessings for women on “Women’s Day” through the media.Methodology and sources. While some words similar to the meanings of “Women’s Day” were selected as keywords, the researcher searched the Wechat platform for articles with the title including these keywords. Then, a total of 306 female metaphors were manually identified and selected as a corpus. With word frequency statistics of the corpus, this study sorted out the categories of Chinese female metaphors and analyzed female image constructed in the media.Results and discussion. It was found that the source domains of female metaphors mainly include plant, animal, daily object, fictional character, nature and environment. The female metaphors can be analyzed from the following categories: Woman is a Flower; Woman is Water; Woman is Half the Heaven; Woman is Light; Woman is a Fairy; Woman is a Book; Woman is a Tiger; Woman is a Jewel. Among them, “Woman is a Flower” is the most frequent one and dominates the female metaphors, while the beauty of “flowers” reflects the beauty of women, the blooming of “flowers” reflects the youth of women, and the aroma of “flowers” reflects the charming of women. “Woman is Water”, “Woman is Half of the Heaven”, “Woman is Light” are also frequent female metaphors, constructing the tenderness, high social status, unique charm and outstanding contribution of female. Other female metaphors also play a certain role in the construction of holiness, wisdom, independence, confidence, strength, precious character of female image. These metaphors construct diversified images in terms of the appearance, character, ability and value of women, and most of the women constructed are beautiful and gentle.Conclusion. It can be seen that the construction of female image in the media becomes diversified on the one hand, on the other hand it still follows the traditional thinking pattern. The paper suggests that gender discourse in the media has been diversified and improved, but still needs to strengthen the construction of equal female image in the harmonious society.

Introduction. At the beginning of the XXI century, information and communication resources appear, under the influence of which the intensive digitalization of society begins and, as a result, the transformation of most social phenomena: processes, institutions, communities, etc. The purpose of the article is to analyze digital inequality as a type of social inequality based on existing sociological approaches in domestic and foreign science. The main problem lies in the lack of systematization of scientific publications analyzing approaches to defining the concept, mechanism of occurrence and social consequences of digital inequality.Methodology and sources. The research methodology is based on a sociological and interdisciplinary approaches. The reports of the United Nations, the Okinawa Charter of the Global Information Society, and the World Bank are used as a source base. In the domestic field, the development of a methodology for research on digital inequality was undertaken by O.M. Slepova, T.S. Martynenko, O.N. Vershinskaya, O.V. Volchenko and others. Western discourse is primarily represented by the ideas of the J. Van Dijk, P. DiMaggio, M. Castells, E. Hargitay, D. Garip. The works of Chinese researchers Huang Rongui, Gui Yun, Chen Yongson, Yan Hui, etc. are analyzed.Results and discussion. There had been revealed a direct dependence between the growth of the level of economic development and the growth of the level of digital inequality. The role of digitalization, which makes cardinal adjustments to the classical criteria for analyzing the social structure of society, was also revealed. It is shown that, in contrast to the growth of digital inequality, social support connections are formed, which involve equalizing relationships to the potentials of the information space.Conclusion. Digital inequality, as a phenomenon that appeared at the turn of the century, continues to intensify and has a direct impact on the development of new forms of social inequality. New criteria of inequality are being added to the traditional ones, and a new profile of social stratification is being formed.

Introduction. The problem of analyzing the contemporary artistic space has its own evolution, its genesis is reduced to understanding different kinds of transformations in relation to the traditional art as a form of creative perception of reality based on spiritual values. As a result of the evolution of the creative process, most of the contemporary art practices, especially conceptual ones, «expel» anthropological and aesthetic origins from art. To understand why do such processes occur in the field of low-aesthetic reality, the author analyzes the problem of anthropological and aesthetic transformation of modern art, the main trends and place of a person in the contemporary artistic process.Methodology and sources. The author uses, first, hermeneutic methodology of analysis of artistic texts and conceptual approaches of authors; secondly, a set of artistic-aesthetic and artistic-historical methods aimed at identifying and generalizing materials, Dedicated to specific works of art; and, thirdly, philosophical-anthropological methodical analysis of the postmodern cultural situation and place of a person.Results and discussion. As a result of the discussions it was revealed that the characteristics of the current elitist conceptual practices of the postmodern period are: pluralism and offbeat from any canons; frank citation and borrowing; conceptualization of any gestures of the artist; the multiplicity of interpretations; multi-level perception; rejection of imagery; experimenting with new forms; creating the illusion of a «game of reality»; irony, pastiche, black humor and shock value; and finally, the author’s death and the loss of one’s own «I».Conclusion. In modern culture conceptualism becomes an articularized form of expression of the artistic consciousness of postmodernism. As art moves beyond its boundaries, it completely transforms its ontological foundations, then its anthropological core disappears and the author’s «death» occurs. The products of conceptual creativity are some kind simulacrums of language, style or symbols, which simulate pre-existing human values. Such art neantisates person with traditional values, perverts the meaning of creativity itself, transforms the aesthetic and the anthropological attitudes of the creative process.

Introduction. Since language acquisition is a gradual process, younger children have gaps in their mental grammar and mental lexicon. In order to be understood well while communicating with other people, they sometimes resort to creating new words, known as innovations, which remain unusual for the language norm. This article expounds the nature of children’s speech innovations and presents the analysis of their constructing.Methodology and sources. The research is based on data gathered within psycholinguistic experiment with participation of Russian-speaking children from three to six years of age. Such experimental methods of psycholinguistics research as picture description and story retelling were used.Results and discussion. It was found out that despite formal abnormality of speech innovations they are getting constructed according to rules existing in the language. Thus, innovations may include standard morphological units, which are combined with nonstandard ones with regard to their distributional features and restrictions. It means that morphemes commonly appearing, for example, on verbs will be used by children within this lexical category only. Moreover, a gradual increasing complexity of constructed forms is observed occurring with the age.Conclusion. Speech innovations cannot be conceived as errors, as they are constructed based on children’s knowledge about the language system and contain standard elements. Innovations analysed in this paper might be used for larger-scale studies on language acquisition and remain supplementary material for researches in this area.