Abstract
The need for health professionals to address their human rights obligations has emerged in the last decade both internationally as well as nationally following the findings of South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Support for human rights norms has become a priority for institutions as well as practitioners within the health sector. Training plays a crucial role in shaping health professional practice. In addition to creating a clear understanding of the linkages between human rights and health, educators can role-model how health professionals should act to support human rights. This article explores human rights derived from the South African Constitution in relation to the obligation on health professionals to respect, protect, promote and fulfill human rights. The implications of this commitment to human rights training of nurses are discussed, drawing on the authors' nine years of experience in running courses for South African health professional educators. Themes include: developing core competencies for human rights in health professional curricula, identifying appropriate instructional methodologies and assessment tools suited to the content and context of human rights, and engaging the institutional environment for human rights teaching, at both the level of institutional culture and strategic implementation. At a time when there are increasing demands on the nursing profession to assume greater responsibility and develop versatility in its scope of practice, key challenges are posed for teaching and realising human rights.
Highlights
International human rights declarations and professional ethical codes History of human rights abuses in South Africa and the role health professionals played under apartheid SA Constitution, Batho Pele and Patients’ Rights Charter Identification of vulnerable groups Clarity about forms ofjustice in the South African context Awareness of constitutional structures and agencies that promote democracy (e.g. Human Rights Commission, Gender Commission) Legislation pertaining to health and health care Understanding the relationship between bioethics and human rights Awareness of services for survivors of human rights abuses
Tarheuasl,lwclhoisleelyhuremlaatnedri,gthhtesy, laarwe naontdaelwthaiycss clsaoowmnseiiftsiwmteeensta.brerEintotghpiucrsoaitlnetcootbchloiugnmfalatiicnot nrwisgithhmtsta,hyea tteenacshioinngw. hich need to be reflected in our Thirdly, the relationship between prepopsiixrbargtooatulhiiffmaegeettnasspsitotssliieniio(oos,ssnnnuwoantacohfllhoedathenuaattsahahshlliieawrcaladnoanlayptleyheaamcsxlrptotppyrytdol,lhioeofwcaseytihthsteaesercoi,nrrolredttenhhaiaaamehrlnh.uspSetmflhaFtaialceaocttiinheertr oswriurghbahijcetphscrtihovtafaovtetechhcreoaoimirmceippfsaai,ctniatyeht)ineo,tn/hccsoelnifoeosrnerstqt.hhueeeEnmhctuahemysicaboanelf gbcoaunliadfnleicclietnareriisgsihhntagsvfeeraosmniloydt,ugaolirvltoeoynamlutaysnvateogroyelwsroetlloel r(wofmfpeRuorfhmenortuemhdvbonaeiebvadicnheeresoasrseriltsratlfeteedophiicnnreaotcrtiwaefomvdtteanvhieyatdemectlsrei,iyetnsdti2mhieoeo0teaonbxn0dtep?2psmrfe)lsroa.nMaoocfsymeFifaavcannoteohhnraimeentgieranidpexelnsitdraautvhotemrimmracdcepnaueaislcsrnraeteeeeslt, hoptttti(HphhooBdrrufeeieoelttsmaodmihhtoorelcuoetnalschhaasoeenctelebrclglt.viih1aollinroerie9cTfitiesy9gyacthhahp9alhueulet:rlrmttno2oyeasna6dvaneuam8einteiddrt-hrmheed2eraeopis7rmftgptsrr4iohielnha)ittifst.nnhiiacsesgtyepnhausohir,ocetrrlfiieiwitistogorhsahoihnbeplnetrhrtlsaiesirtetglppmieapxfeaoontaaonateltitmsiyertdoitsieninpofcnttbinlhnianteuoatsledoss.l,tt tTtmoghfsshhokereuhaeeartiarelteidlloorststtunueehfhinaoarnukputctccehmnraohooouoncnianufnmwocfnenlglemysalitrsecrsnir.pydgditeosre.ohgEfintlgteecxesoah,nhcplustscaatsatrsiltanifeltspnoeidtsthrdnariuotenanagdofsrgleeeuldeissnrSstus,grhcobieseolveuuaunanttltdhtosilaatucepAliloeeersacfsinsporoocseitaardcuohinnaeotrrayddneesft
Summary
The Institutional Context ppHorbaeoltaifigeletasnhtsitiosopnnraotaolftecposltashmcieomentifhatomelsrweenhfetarlslov.-bneetiannogfeotfththihceeaiirrl ppsbt.h.terr.aeoitpmnRufrectseooseisbprslpylviloeeoemrnssnesagaiutbuilnisicldlaietitloyofrertrffyhttogh,ebaersoenbuidinypisinfehalssuotdt.eii.leto.dnu.fnicatnTiesuoghnloitsst,fhacaetnahsrtnodeee sbCrtieoagemthentmsoc.irsos(imioTfnptrhlu1ie9tcyh9it8h:aa1innv0de9v)ciRoollealcutodinengdciwlhiuiatmhtioaonnr The examination by the South African. Health Professionals and Human Rights: Making the Connection oWtWhnehhlyyyroosslnhheoothouuelflddbhnuue’sptaihlnhtoheelsadslpitrnohogfpfderheosulsfimievoseansrniaionlrsngigsahhftetosaacllubtlh?se care to patients as best as possible under ecGpthxorrioigossftdeeirinnsensgtgiloaacyrnnirdadct,lhusDhmagetasr,anatlapiitnenhplclieipfns(ar?g1oc9fwtS9e,iis9rtask:himiont3hn,o5eIa8nailr)csgrosaocptrlaigenrauroilynel, unique obligations. As professionals in tshpeeciafricenetahicoafl choemalminitgm,ewntes tounmdaexritmaiksee tmheeawnesll-btehinagt oftthheorsee inaoruer casrep.eTchiaisl rtreasdpiotniosinbailliltyiesb,eeevnenmaifdetheeyxphlaicviet,niont taprrdaovimnoiocntagiotenosrofifnhourcmlitanhniecraiglphrptosr.atecctitcioe,n toanbde MSevaenrna,l wGritoesrsti(nS,irkGinruetsakli1n9,99B:3r5e8n-n3a5n9,; L20az0z1a:rin3i,1a1n-d3F4in6ebaenrdg 1590939:-1513-148); BhMavAe csuogngceepstteodf hdeiafflethreanntdwthaeynsorinmswohfihcuhmtahne rights are inter-linked. These are: Human rights violations can hcoanvseesqeureionucessh. Children have the right to basic nutrition, shelter, basic health care services and social services dPirgisnoitnye,risnchlauvdeintghetherigphrotvtiosioconnodfitniuotnrsitioofn daentdenmtieodniccaol ntrseiasttemnetnwt ith human. 2.4 Children have the right to basic nutrition, shelter, basic health care sarIemnesyrpovouiqcrreutcasaenslatilofnyirdc,patshrtooiiocsgnirareilgrssesheiltvarivtesiincrneegoastlti(cosAuarrtatitivoacanillei.elTad2b8hb)liyes was the basis for the legal decision in Grootboom v. 2.5 Other rights relating to health in the eCaxoppnresortihitmuitbieointnitoainnticolounndew:foitrhcoibulteinmfoerdmiceadl consent (Article12.2(c)); prisoners’rights to conditions of detention that are consistent with human dignity, including tnhuetriptiroonvainsidomn,edaitcaslttarteeatmexepnet n(Asert,icolef a3us5n)dh;eoarulnysdiinn, ggri,dgeehdtteusrcmtaotiinsoaonnc,tisawloacftlehareimaalntshdf-osorscutichahel es2ed9cu).ucraTittihyoen(sA,earrtlieactalteellsrs2rui6bg,jh2et7cst.,1tos(abthv) eeanlfidomr(ictba) ataisonindc opaesxrfottefphenresdoissrgi,orpnteroaoslsfseeinvswsseuoiorurenledatalhblaisestcaeostxpuipoecehnco.trfeigdpH,hrataescsatailfctraheer met
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