Abstract
BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main etiological factor for cervical cancer and premalignant lesions of the cervix. The purposes of the present study were to determine the prevalence of type-specific HPV infections and the association of different HPV types with cervical dysplasia among women in Zhejiang province, Southeast China.MethodsA total of 15,267 women presenting to a gynaecological outpatient clinic were enrolled in this study. Women were screened for HPV in addition to routine cervical cytology testing. Microarray hybridization and liquid-based cytology tests were used to detect HPV genotypes and cervical cytology, respectively.ResultsBased on the population attending a gynaecological outpatient clinic, overall prevalence of any 23 HPV type was 22.8% and multiple HPV infection was found in 4.0% of all the outpatients. HPV prevalence showed bimodal age distribution, with a peak (55.7%) at the ≤20 age group and a second one (35.5%) at >60 age group. In total samples, the five most frequent types were HPV 16 (4.4%), 58 (2.9%), 52 (2.7%), 33 (2.2%) and 11 (1.9%). Overall HPV prevalence increased with the severity of the cytologic result. Analysis through crude odds ratios (ORs) revealed that the cervical lesion risk of HPV-infected women increased to about 26-fold of uninfected women (OR 26.1, 95% CI 22.4 to 30.3). The five most risky HPV types associated with abnormal cytology were HPV 73, 16, 82, 45 and 51.ConclusionsThis study provided baseline data on HPV prevalence in women attending a gynecological outpatient clinic in Zhejiang province. Our data will supply guidance for the primary screening and vaccination program for cervical cancer in this area.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0708-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main etiological factor for cervical cancer and premalignant lesions of the cervix
Since persistent infection of HPV is a necessary cause of cervical cancer worldwide, DNA tests for the detection of HPV can be used as a primary screening method for precancerous lesions and cervical cancer, and for triage of women with atypical or borderline cervical smears [9,10]
Since limited cross-protection was present between HPV types [16], knowledge of geographical differences in HPV type-specific distribution might be very valuable for predicting the effect of current prophylactic vaccines and forming the basis for the second generation vaccines targeted to specific regions
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main etiological factor for cervical cancer and premalignant lesions of the cervix. The purposes of the present study were to determine the prevalence of type-specific HPV infections and the association of different HPV types with cervical dysplasia among women in Zhejiang province, Southeast China. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, with an estimated 530,000 new cases and 275,000 deaths occurring each year in the world [1,2]. Prophylactic vaccines against HPV have been developed and approved in more than 100 countries around the world [11]. Since limited cross-protection was present between HPV types [16], knowledge of geographical differences in HPV type-specific distribution might be very valuable for predicting the effect of current prophylactic vaccines and forming the basis for the second generation vaccines targeted to specific regions
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