Abstract
The article considers the process of introducing innovative technologies and modernizing production. Asystematic analysis of national economies during the modernization of technological structures is presented. It is substantiated that the condition for the emergence of a stable demand for innovations is the process of total modernization of production. Historically, the increased efficiency of the work of innovative active local networks based in regions, which are characterized by a certain set of favorable conditions for innovative activity, has been proven. The need is identified for the distribution of the interstate system of suppliers of components for manufactured products on the one hand and the zoning of various elements of production on the other. The importance of innovative changes in the regional economy, the need for industrial reorganization in accordance with the principles of Industry 4.0 and the subsequent internal reorganization of the enterprise, especially in the approach to human capital, are shown. Fundamentally different processes in the study of digitalization and digital transformation are revealed. From a historical and economic point of view, the concept of human capital is considered from the position of a determining factor of an innovative economic system. The classification of human capital has been expanded, taking into account the regional level. The characteristics of positive and negative human capital are revealed. It has been proved that in order to achieve a positive effect of human capital, it is necessary to initially form an innovative strategy that includes algorithms for investing in human potential. The features and structure of human capital are revealed with the addition of the element of possessing environmentally significant information. The analysis of academic sources significant in economics, offering various conceptual approaches to the study of human capital, has been carried out.
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