Abstract
Tissue engineering using suitable mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) shows great potential to regenerate bone defects. Our previous studies have indicated that human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HAMSCs) could promote the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs). Human adipose-derived stem cells (HASCs), obtained from adipose tissue in abundance, are capable of multi-lineage differentiation. In this study, the effects of HAMSCs on osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of HASCs were systematically investigated. Proliferation levels were measured by flow cytometry. Osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization were investigated using chromogenic alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) activity substrate assays, Alizarin red S staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) analysis of osteogenic marker expression, and Western blotting. We found that HAMSCs increased the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of HASCs. Moreover, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) tube formation suggested HAMSCs enhanced angiogenic potential of HASCs via secretion of increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Thus, we conclude that HAMSC might be a valuable therapeutic approach to promote HASCs-involved bone regeneration.
Highlights
Effective reconstruction of bone defects resulting from trauma and surgical resection is becoming a major clinical challenge in maxillofacial surgery [1,2,3]
There was no significant difference between the proliferation level of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HAMSCs) and Human adipose-derived stem cells (HASCs)
The present results further showed that HAMSCs could accelerate HASCs proliferation in the transwell coculture system
Summary
Effective reconstruction of bone defects resulting from trauma and surgical resection is becoming a major clinical challenge in maxillofacial surgery [1,2,3]. HAMSCs promote HASCs-involved bone regeneration into several distinct cell lineages[9]. HASCs are known to present good bone regenerative capacity [10]. The pericyte-like phenotype formed by HASCs has been shown to play a role in blood vessels maturation and remodeling as an autologous cell source [11,12,13]. Gene therapy, cytokines and Chinese herb extracts have been used to enhance the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of HASCs[14,15,16]. Disadvantages such as individual differences and easy degradation limit their application
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