Abstract

The present article puts forward the existing relations between the thought of Protagoras and of the scepticism represented by Pyrrho from Elis. Analyzing the concept of contradictions and putting in context the declaration of impossibility to contradict that the sophist would support, it shows up to what point his ontological conception, based on the fluctuation and the constant construction of the mundane reality on the part of every man, carries the impossibility to come to contradictions, even when two propositions contradict one another. On a very near ontology, Pyrrho assumes the impossibility of speaking, also as a consequence of the apprehension of the reality on the part of man. The suspension of judgment (epoché), the indifference (adiaphoría), the impassivity (apátheia), the tranquillity (ataraxía) are, in the ground of action, the correspondence of aphasía in the ground of speech. The thought of this ancient sceptic gathers thus the line of ontological relativist conception of Protagoras, deepening even someone of its features.

Highlights

  • The present article puts forward the existing relations between the thought of Protagoras and of the scepticism represented by Pyrrho from Elis

  • Analyzing the concept of contradictions and putting in context the declaration of impossibility to contradict that the sophist would support, it shows up to what point his ontological conception, based on the fluctuation and the constant construction of the mundane reality on the part of every man, carries the impossibility to come to contradictions, even when two propositions contradict one another

  • Tres son los puntos en los que el planteo epistemológico de ambos se encuentran: ambos adhieren a la idea de que los desacuerdos entre las declaraciones de diferentes hombres son generales e irresolubles: “en los dos puntos de vista, está supuesto que las cosas aparecen como F para algunos y como no-F para otros”.55 Ambos niegan la posibilidad de establecer una correspondencia entre nuestras percepciones y la realidad; el establecimiento de un criterio de verdad como correspondencia es por ende imposible; plantearse una investigación sobre las características de ontológicas de aquello que corresponde a nuestra percepción es, para ambas posiciones, una tarea sin sentido.[56] Ambas posiciones afirman, como consecuencia de lo que acabamos de establecer, que toda percepción depende del perceptor, que las cosas pueden concebirse sólo a partir de la manera en que alguien las siente, y que en consecuencia no hay posibilidad de superar el conflicto entre lo que diferentes hombres sienten

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Summary

Introduction

Sabemos, a partir de nuestra lectura del fragmento 1 y 6a de Protágoras, que los prágmata son aquello que resulta de la interacción del hombre y del mundo, pero que para Aristóteles, en cambio, prâgma es el sujeto de una predicación, tanto como el sustrato de las determinaciones de algo.

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