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Abstract

Enterococci, the normal inhabitant of human intestinal tract are now emerging as potential pathogens asssociated with healthcare infections despite their low virulence. The rise in antibiotic resistance has a profound impact on the treatment of infectious diseases and the consequences due to its complications. Stool samples were obtained from children under the age of 14 years, admitted to pediatrics ward of a tertiary care hospital. The identification of enterococcal isolates was followed by suitable biochemical assays, disc diffusion and the E test to assess antibiotic susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentrations. Vancomycin (van A, van B) and gentamicin resistance genes (aac(6)-Ie-aph(2)-Ia) were detected using PCR. From the total of 300 stool samples, Enterococcus spp were isolated in 132, out of which 39 were E. faecalis and 93 were E. faecium. Highest percentage of resistance was noted against erythromycin (68%) followed by penicillin (48%) and high level gentamicin in (34%) of the isolates. Resistance to high level gentamicin by MIC was found to be 25%. The MIC of vancomycin ranged from 1.5 μg/ml - 4 μg/ml of which 16% of the isolates had an MIC of 4 μg/ml. Resistance gene for aac(6)-Ie-aph(2)-Ia(gentamicin resistance) was found in 25% of isolates and van A (Vancomycin resistance) was detected in 11% of the isolates and none of the isolates harbored van B gene. Feacal carriage of gentamicin resistant enterococcus species was high in pediatric inpatients. No resistance was seen for vancomycin.