HRYHORII SKOVORODA AS А METATEXT OF POETS-«KHATIANY»

Abstract

The article presents a study of the motif of freedom in poetry, which was published in the magazine «Ukrainian Khata» in the intertextual field with Skovoroda’s poetry. The motif of freedom sounded loudest in Ukrainian poetry on the pages of turning points in history. Now Ukraine is experiencing the exact time. hundred years ago, at the beginning of the 20th century. Ukraine had a chance to defend its national freedom.This was reflected in the works of Ukrainian poets, which were published in the magazine «Ukrainian Khata» (1909-1914). The motif of freedom did not sound in every poem of every poet that was published on the pages of «Ukrainian Khata». The article highlights the names of those who emphasized the motif of freedom in their poems. The life and work of Skovoroda is a metatext of Ukrainian poetry of the beginning of the 20th century:Maksym Rylskyi, Pavlo Tychyna, Oleksandr Neprytskyi-Hranovskyi, M. Dontsiv, O. Nedolia, Yakiv Mamontov, Sydir Tverdokhlib, Mykola Voronnyi, Oleksandr Oles, Khrystyna Alchevska, Hryhorii Chuprynka, Mykola Filianskyi. In their poetry on the pages of the «Ukrainian Khata» magazine, motifs and metaphors explain the lyrical heroes’ desire to be free, to reject patterns, to discover inner boundless freedom in unity with nature. This brings the poets of the magazine «Ukrainian Khata» closer to Skovoroda. So The Garden of Divine Songs of Hryhory Skovoroda is a pretext for their poetry. With the help of thematic criticism, the leading themes of the poems of the authors of the beginning of the 20th century were determined: addressing the theme of free Ukraine in the historical past (M. Dontsiv, O. Nedolia, Alchevska), depicting the state of the Ukrainian spirit of freedom in the present (Mykola Voronnyi, Oleksandr Neprytskyi-Hranovskyi, Hryhorii Chuprynka, Sydir Tverdokhlib, Yakiv Mamontov), deep feelings for the fate of the people (Mykola Filianskyi), a desperate desire to achieve national freedom (Maksym Rylskyi). These themes in the poetic texts of «Ukrainian Khata» allow us to consider the named poets as heirs of Hryhoriy Savovych.