Abstract
BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted disease, is involved in a series of other diseases. The persistent infection of high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs) is considered to be the causative agent of cervical cancer, and it is related to noncervical cancers. The present study aims to estimate the HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in Jilin province, China, to guide HPV-related cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination.MethodsFrom October 2017 to September 2019, 21,282 samples (634 male and 20,648 female) were collected for HPV infection detection using an HPV genotyping panel. The age-related HPV prevalence and morbidity of HPV-based disease and HPV prevalence associated with specific diseases were analyzed.ResultsA total of 7095 (34.4%) positive for HPV infection of 20648 women, and 164 (25.8%) positive of 634 men. The HPV prevalence among women exhibited a bimodal pattern, with a peak in young group and a second peak in old group, with increased severity of cervical lesions. HPV16 (7.8%), HPV52 (5.8%), HPV58 (5.0%), HPV53 (3.4%), and HPV51 (3.0%) were the most prevalent genotypes among women, and HPV6 (6.0%), HPV11 (5.7%), HPV16 (3.6%), HPV18 (2.7%), and HPV51 (3.0%) were prevalent among men. Non-vaccine-covered HPV53 and 51 were found in 6.3% of HPV infection and 8.9% of cervical cancer in Jilin province. Furthermore, 45.5% of females and 28.6% of males with genital warts were infected with HR-HPV genotypes.ConclusionThe HPV genotypic spectrum in Jilin province, where non-vaccine-covered HPV53 and 51 were prevalent, exhibited an age- and cervical lesion-specific pattern, which provides guidance for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. HPV infection in men and benign hyper-proliferative lesions should not be neglected.
Highlights
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide, with a prevalence of 70 million cases and an incidence of 14 million new transmissions are reported annually [1]
45.5% of females and 28.6% of males with genital warts were infected with high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs) genotypes
HPVs are classified as high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs), intermediate-risk HPVs (IR-HPVs) and low-risk HPVs (LR-HPVs) based on their association with cervical cancer [5], and these viruses ubiquitously reside on the skin of humans without signs of symptomatic lesions and compose part of the normal microbial skin flora
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide, with a prevalence of 70 million cases and an incidence of 14 million new transmissions are reported annually [1]. HPV infection exhibits a distinct tropism for mucosal or cutaneous squamous epithelia, and the position where cancer derives depends on the site of HPV invasion. HPV infection is involved in a series of diseases of the vagina, vulva, penis, and anus, as well as anogenital warts and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis [2]. HPVs are classified as high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs), intermediate-risk HPVs (IR-HPVs) and low-risk HPVs (LR-HPVs) based on their association with cervical cancer [5], and these viruses ubiquitously reside on the skin of humans without signs of symptomatic lesions and compose part of the normal microbial skin flora. Most HPV infections remain asymptomatic and may spontaneously regress, but some infections may further develop into cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma [6]
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