Abstract
HPTLC analysis was performed to study the phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins profile of Cyathea nilgirensis Holttum, Cyathea gigantea (Wall. ex. Hook.) Holttum, and Cyathea crinita (Hook.) Copel. The maximum number of bands was observed in the ethanolic extracts of C. crinita. The phenolic bands with Rf values 0.05, 0.32, 0.43, 0.75 (quercetin), and 0.83 demonstrated their occurrence in all the three studied species of Cyathea. Flavonoids with Rf values 0.05, 0.23, 0.30, 0.43, and 0.73 showed their presence in the three studied species of Cyathea. Tannins with the Rf values 0.05, 0.09, and 0.82 determined their existence in all the three studied Cyathea species. Gallic acid was present only in C. crinita with the Rf value 0.49. The developed HPTLC profiles can be used for identification and quantitative determination of phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins. This method is also suitable for rapid screening of Cyathea species for chemotypic assessment and also for quality control purposes.
Highlights
Plants synthesize a wide variety of chemical compounds which can be sorted by their chemical class, biosynthetic origin, and functional groups
The results determined the presence of 27 different types of phenolics bands and validated 14 different Rf values ranged from 0.05 to 0.92 (Figure 1; Table 1)
The maximum number (11) of phenolics has been observed in the ethanolic extract of C. crinita
Summary
Plants synthesize a wide variety of chemical compounds which can be sorted by their chemical class, biosynthetic origin, and functional groups. The medicinal value of plants lies in chemical substances or group of compounds that produce a definite physiological action in the human body [1]. Plant phenolic compounds include flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, coumarins, anthraquinones, lignans, and lignins. They may act as phytoalexins, antifeedants, and attractants for pollinators. With the advent of modern scientific methods, medicinal plants came under chemical scrutiny, leading to the isolation of the active principles. Soon after their isolation and characterization, these compounds either in pure state or in the form of well-characterized extracts became part of pharmacopoeias of several countries
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