Abstract
This research aims to provide analysis on the effect of farmers’ terms of trade, agricultural land area, gross regional domestic product and population on food security in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data analysis method used is data panel model with fixed effects model. The results showed that the farmers’ terms of trade variable and The agricultural land area had no significant effect on food security in various provinces in Indonesia. Gross regional domestic product variable had significant effect on food security in various provinces in Indonesia. It showed that a high gross regional domestic product variable could decrease the amount of public food expenditure, which means lower consumption incurred for food causes food security to rise. Meanwhile, population variable had positive and significant effect on food security in various provinces in Indonesia, meaning an increase in population also increases the amount of public food consumption. Based on the results, it is recommended to find out how to stimulate various economic sectors in each province in which it could increase the amount of gross domestic product of each region. Better distribution of population could also affect the rate of food security in each province in Indonesia.
Highlights
Food is the primary source of human needs
The results showed that the farmers’ terms of trade variable and The agricultural land area had no significant effect on food security in various provinces in Indonesia
Gross regional domestic product variable had significant effect on food security in various provinces in Indonesia. It showed that a high gross regional domestic product variable could decrease the amount of public food expenditure, which means lower consumption incurred for food causes food security to rise
Summary
Food is the primary source of human needs. Every human being need food, food is the primary basic human needs and its fulfillment is a part of human rights secured in the Constitution of Republic of Indonesia of 1945 [1]. The agricultural problems in China in which China continues to develop into industrial and residential country causes continual increase in the dependency of agricultural product import. This causes a decrease in food security in China as well as a wage gap between farmer households and non-farmer households, triggering social anxiety [3]. Another thing that need to be prioritized in providing sources of food production is farmers, as farmers are the main subjects of food provider.
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