Abstract
This mini-review focuses on the mechanisms of how severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects the brain, with an emphasis on the role of the spike protein in patients with neurological symptoms. Following infection, patients with a history of neurological complications may be at a higher risk of developing long-term neurological conditions associated with the α-synuclein prion, such as Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia. Compelling evidence has been published to indicate that the spike protein, which is derived from SARS-CoV-2 and generated from the vaccines currently being employed, is not only able to cross the blood–brain barrier but may cause inflammation and/or blood clots in the brain. Consequently, should vaccine-induced expression of spike proteins not be limited to the site of injection and draining lymph nodes there is the potential of long-term implications following inoculation that may be identical to that of patients exhibiting neurological complications after being infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, further studies are needed before definitive conclusions can be made.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Sankar BasuSevere acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the novel coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19)
The vaccines that have currently received authorization to reduce the severity of COVID-19 employ either mRNA or DNA to transfect human cells to produce the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which becomes the antigen to be targeted by the body’s immune system
Concentrations of the S1 subunit were low, this study provides proof-of-principle that spike proteins or components thereof can get into circulation following inoculation
Summary
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the novel coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19). It prompted the declaration of a global pandemic that has persisted for more than a year. Evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the ability to affect the brain directly, with a new set of symptoms: loss of smell and taste, severe headaches, debilitating fatigue, trouble thinking clearly (brain fog), seizures, strokes, and various degrees of paralysis [2]. Numerous reliable studies have already been published on this topic and are referenced in this article. Results from preclinical studies and several revealing patient case histories will be used to explain the mechanisms involved.
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