Abstract
Aeolian dust episodes (ADEs) frequently occurred at the bare lands of the riverbeds in Kaoping River are emerging disasters in Southern Taiwan in the past few years. However, their influences on ambient particulate air quality due to the outflow circulation of typhoons have not been addressed in such a subtropical region. This study aims to investigate the association between typhoons and ADEs and their influences on the ambient particulate air quality, which might occur in East Asia. Four sites along the Kaoping River were selected to collect PM10 with high-volume samplers during and after the ADE accompanying with Typhoon Doksuri on June 29, 2012. During the ADE, PM_(10) concentration rose as high as 30– 40 folds higher than those on regular days. Chemical composition of PM_(10) was further analyzed to verify several valuable indicators including the molar ratios of [Cl^-]/[Na^+] (0.95-1.02), the mass ratios of Fe/Cd (211.6-3957), and the mass ratios of OC/EC (1.18-1.35). Nevertheless, the chloride deficit phenomenon was not favorable during the ADE. Moreover, CMB receptor modeling results showed that aeolian dust and sea-salts were major contributors of PM_(10) during the ADE. Along the Kaoping River, the contribution of aeolian dust to PM_(10) ranged from 11.5 to 33.1% during the ADE, and reduced to 7.2–23.0% after the ADE. However, a small amount of finer aeolian dust could be still suspended in the ambient air after the ADE. Moreover, integrating SURFER software and WRF model was appropriate to locate the hot spots influenced by the ADE.
Highlights
Aeolian dust is one of the vital sources of suspended particulate matter (PM) in ambient air nearby dry bare lands or fluvial basin areas
This study aims to investigate the association between typhoons and Aeolian dust episodes (ADEs) and their influences on the ambient particulate air quality, which might occur in East Asia
While the Typhoon Doksuri gradually moved away from Bashi Channel on June 29–30, 2012, the PM10 concentration at Daliao Air Quality Monitoring Stations (AQMSs) drastically decreased to 33.5 μg m–3 ± 9.9 μg m–3 after the ADE correspondingly
Summary
Aeolian dust is one of the vital sources of suspended particulate matter (PM) in ambient air nearby dry bare lands or fluvial basin areas. Aeolian dust triggered by specific weather conditions of particular landscapes have been emphasized worldwide (Chow et al, 2003; Mkoma et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2015). A researcher captured the image of dust fugitively emitted from the dry ephemeral river valleys along the Namibian coast by adopting photography and imagery skills (Eckardt et al, 2005). Other researchers found that the total suspended particulate emissions from dry land basins were highly related to several affecting factors (e.g., air temperature, soil silt content, and wind speed) (Lin et al, 2007; Chang et al, 2011; Syu et al, 2016).
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