Abstract
Since the mid-1970s, practice guidelines for preventive care have been published in the primary care and internal medicine literature. In 1978, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) issued a monograph titled Preventive Services for the Well Population. l A more thorough effort was made by the Canadian Task Force (CTF) the Periodic Health Examination in 1979. e This latter group reviewed the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of 78 preventive procedures and offered recommendations. The American Cancer Society (ACS) issued the ACS Report on the Cancer-Related Health Checkup in 19807 In 1987, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) approved the Working Guidelines for Early Cancer Detection. 4 Through the initiative of its Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project (CEAP),5 the American College of Physicians (ACP) has issued background papers, 11 of which have led to preventive practice recommendations. 6 In 1989, the American Medical Association (AMA) Council on Scientific Affairs published its recommendation for mammographic screening for, women aged 40 years and older. 7 Also in 1989, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) released its report on routine cancer screening, s Finally, the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) published Positions on the Clinical Aspects of Medical Practice in 1991. 9
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