Hospitalizations and hospital expenses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of hospital admissions and hospital expenditures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is an epidemiological, quantitative and retrospective study, with data collection from DATASUS, by consulting the SIH/SUS of Brazil. In 2020 a total of 10,531,196 and in 2021 a total of 11,479,416 hospitalizations were recorded in Brazil, 13.6% and 9% lower than in 2019. There was a reduction in hospitalizations for pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium (15.9%), digestive system diseases (25.2%), neoplasms (14.2%), external causes (19.1%), circulatory system diseases (20.9%), and for respiratory system diseases (36.1%). However, they increased for infectious and parasitic diseases, about 79.2%. Although hospitalizations reduced in 2020 (13.6%) and 2021 (5.8%), the average value increased by 19.8% and 50.1% and total costs by 19.8% and 50.1%, respectively. We emphasize the importance of subsidizing policies that strengthen primary care in Brazil and that also encompass programs aimed at improving the social determinants of health, thus reducing the number of hospitalizations and expenditures in Brazil.