Abstract
Understanding the role of charge density wave (CDW) in high-temperature superconductivity is a longstanding challenge in condensed matter physics. We construct a holographic superconductor model in which the $U(1)$ symmetry is spontaneously broken only due to the presence of CDWs, rather than previously known free charges with constant density. Below the critical temperature of superconductivity, CDW phase and superconducting phase coexist, which is also justified by the numerical results of optical conductivity. The competitive and cooperative relations between CDW phase and superconducting phase are observed. This work supports the opinion that the appearance of pseudo-gap in CDW phase promotes the pre-pairing of electrons as well as holes such that the formation of superconductivity benefits from the presence of CDW.
Highlights
In the past decade, AdS/CMT duality [1,2,3] has been becoming a powerful tool for understanding the fundamental problems in strongly coupled system since the seminal work of holographic superconductor [4,5]
We have constructed a holographic model in which the role of charge density wave (CDW) during the phase transition of superconductivity has been clearly disclosed
The UBð1Þ gauge symmetry of in the bulk is spontaneously broken due to the presence of CDW only, indicating that the superconductivity can form from the preexisting CDW phase by the first-order phase transition
Summary
AdS/CMT duality [1,2,3] has been becoming a powerful tool for understanding the fundamental problems in strongly coupled system since the seminal work of holographic superconductor [4,5]. High-temperature superconductor exhibits very abundant phase structure, which involves the interplay between CDW phase and superconducting phase Disclosing their relation is crucial for understanding the mechanism of hightemperature superconductivity. Recent experiments reveal a novel cooperative relationship between them as well This is signaled by the positive correlation between their critical temperatures [20,21,22]. One challenge comes from the strongly coupled nature of the high temperature superconductivity and the CDW phases The hole superconductivity as a promising candidate for high temperature superconductivity was previously investigated in [38,39,40]
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