Abstract
We demonstrate a high-resolution line field en-face time domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system using an off-axis holography configuration. Line field en-face OCT produces high speed en-face images at rates of up to 100 Hz. The high frame rate favors good phase stability across the lateral field-of-view which is indispensable for digital adaptive optics (DAO). Human retinal structures are acquired in-vivo with a broadband light source at 840 nm, and line rates of 10 kHz to 100 kHz. Structures of different retinal layers, such as photoreceptors, capillaries, and nerve fibers are visualized with high resolution of 2.8 µm and 5.5 µm in lateral directions. Subaperture based DAO is successfully applied to increase the visibility of cone-photoreceptors and nerve fibers. Furthermore, en-face Doppler OCT maps are generated based on calculating the differential phase shifts between recorded lines.
Highlights
optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a standard technique in ophthalmic imaging, showing the different layers of the human retina and their alteration in the progression of various diseases, such as age related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, etc. in-vivo
We introduce line field en-face OCT system in a holographic off-axis configuration with high frame rates, which enables digital adaptive optics (DAO) based correction in post-processing, as well as the realization of Doppler OCT (DOCT)
The high en-face frame rates guarantee phase correlation across the en-face plane, which is essential for DAO
Summary
OCT has become a standard technique in ophthalmic imaging, showing the different layers of the human retina and their alteration in the progression of various diseases, such as age related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, etc. in-vivo. OCT has become a standard technique in ophthalmic imaging, showing the different layers of the human retina and their alteration in the progression of various diseases, such as age related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, etc. The introduction of OCT has brought a huge improvement in the understanding of diseases and their development. Throughout all the advantages of OCT, high resolution investigation on a cellular level has always been a technological challenge. High lateral resolution is achieved by an increase of the pupil diameter, limited by the human pupil size (7-8 mm) [1]. In the ideal case, increasing the beam diameter should results in a sharper focus at the retina allowing to resolve cellular details. The human eye is not perfect, which prevents diffraction limited resolution of the imaging system
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