Abstract
IntroductionInitiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) is recommended for tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infected patients to prevent opportunistic infection. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HIV among TB patients and initiation of ART and provision of CPT for TB/HIV co-infected patients in Hawassa university referral hospital.MethodsA five year document review was done on 1961 TB patients who are registered at TB clinic of Hawassa university referral hospital from September 2009 to august 2014. Data were collected using checklist. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 20 software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of TB/HIV co-infection.ResultsAmong 1961 TB patients diagnosed in the hospital, 95% (1765) were screened for HIV. Of these, 13.9% (246) were HIV positive. Out of 246 TB/HIV co-infected patients 31.7% (78/246) and 37.4% (92/246) were enrolled to start ART and CPT respectively. Roughly the trends of TB/HIV co-infection decreased with increased linkage to CPT, while linkage to ART was not regular across the year. The rate of TB/HIV co-infection was significantly associated with type of TB.ConclusionAlthough, trend of HIV among TB patients has decreased across the year, only a minority of co-infected patients was linked to start ART and CPT. Therefore, screening of all TB patients for HIV and linkage of co-infected patients to HIV care to start ART and CPT should be strengthened in-line with the national guidelines.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) ranks alongside human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide
According to the WHO report in 2014, about 77% and 87% of HIV positive TB patients were enrolled on co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART), respectively [1]
The implementation of TB/HIV collaborative activities in Ethiopia [9], few studies have reported prevalence of HIV among TB patients and level of HIV positive TB patients enrolled on CPT [4], to our knowledge, there are no reports in the study area
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) ranks alongside human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a leading cause of death worldwide. It causes ill-health among millions of people each year. The African region accounted for 74% of the estimated number of HIV-positive incident TB cases [1]. The implementation of TB/HIV collaborative activities in Ethiopia [9], few studies have reported prevalence of HIV among TB patients and level of HIV positive TB patients enrolled on CPT [4], to our knowledge, there are no reports in the study area. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HIV among TB patients and level of HIV positive TB patients enrolled on CPT and ART in Hawassa university referral hospital, southern Ethiopia
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