Abstract
We determined the association of demographic, behavioral, and structural factors with risk of HIV exposure through heterosexual contact among Black men in Ottawa (n=210) and Windsor (n=156), Ontario. We applied hierarchical linear regression model in the analysis. Mean HIV exposure risk scores were Windsor (12.08±8.42) and Ottawa (17.16±11.80) in Ottawa (Scale = 48). Age, marriage, employment, masculinity, and condom attitudes were statistically significant (p <0.05). Age groups (15-29 years and 40-49 years), traditional masculine ideology, and negative condom attitudes associated with increased risk of HIV exposure by heterosexual contact. Marriage and full-time employment associated with reduced risk of exposure the ACB heterosexual men.
Highlights
Exposure through heterosexual contact is the second leading cause of new HIV cases in Canada [1]
Heterosexual contact is estimated to account for HIV transmission risk of 0.04% to 0.08% per act in developed countries [9], the cumulative risk can be far higher depending on the associated behavioral risk factors
We explore and compare the correlates of HIV risk among selfidentified heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black Canadian (ACB) men living in Windsor and Ottawa
Summary
Exposure through heterosexual contact is the second leading cause of new HIV cases in Canada [1]. Behavioral risks factors transcend the nature of sexual act (anal, vaginal or oral; insertive or receptive; protected or unprotected) to include several cofactors, such as the type of sexual partnership [2] and concurrency of sexual partners [3]–[6]. The conceptual view of HIV risk in this paper is that the cumulative probability of HIV transmission over many acts during single or multiple sexual partnership(s), is dependent on the infectiousness of the HIVinfected sexual partner(s) and the susceptibility of the HIVuninfected sexual partner(s) [9]. Heterosexual contact is estimated to account for HIV transmission risk of 0.04% to 0.08% per act in developed countries [9], the cumulative risk can be far higher depending on the associated behavioral risk factors. The chance of acquiring HIV in an insertive unprotected sexual intercourse with an HIV infected female partner may be as small 0.04%, several repeated sexual contact with this partner is likely to increase
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