HISTORY OF TRANSLATION. THE WAY TO INTERDISCIPLINARY STRATEGIES

Abstract

Development of different translation strategies in historical aspect is considered. In the beginning interpreters practiced two strategies – word for word translation and free translation. With the growth of culture and science, a new type of texts that contain connotative and extralinguistic information appear. So, yet the Renaissance translators are in favor of translation, which not only faithfully reproduces the content of the original, but does not violate the norms of the target language. The ancient Roman tradition of cultural adaptation is returning. The choice of translation model was made mainly in view of the genre of the source text. With the development of the humanities, a number of linguistic, psychological and social factors gain an additional influence on the choice of translation strategies. The purpose of the study is to determine the nature and intensity of such effects. The first half of the twentieth century presents the burst of linguistics, which, in turn, gives a new impetus to the development of translation studies. The scholars research not just the text, but the more complex concept of discourse. Accordingly, not just language, but communication in general became the object of translation studies and translation methods gradually shift towards domestication model. Pragmatic strategies are trying to look into the so-called “black box” of translation, that is, to analyze not only the result but also the process of translation itself. The dynamics of the translation process shows a certain departure from the traditional linguistic translation and the increasing involvement in the field of culturology and pragmatics. Thus, for modern communication theory, translation is an understanding of the phenomenon of who translates and for whom, so the focus transfers from the text to the addressee.