History of Heart Failure in Patients Hospitalized Due to COVID-19: Relevant Factor of In-Hospital Complications and All-Cause Mortality up to Six Months.

Mateusz Sokolski,Marcin Protasiewicz,Konrad Reszka,Barbara Adamik,Weronika Lis,Katarzyna Madziarska,Adrian Doroszko,Bogusława Konopska,Marta Rosiek-Biegus,Krzysztof Kaliszewski,Lilla Pawlik-Sobecka,Jarosław Drobnik,Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz,Ewa A Jankowska,Anna Zapolska-Tomasiewicz,Anna Larysz,Tomasz Suchocki,Maria Jędrzejczyk ,Agnieszka Kopeć ,Janusz Sokołowski ,Joanna Górka-Dynysiewicz ,Katarzyna Kiliś‐Pstrusińska ,Justyna M Sokolska

doi:10.3390/jcm11010241

Abstract

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) are at high risk of unfavorable courses of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with HF. Methods: Data of patients hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Poland between March 2020 and May 2021 with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed. The study population was divided into a HF group (patients with a history of HF) and a non-HF group. Results: Out of 2184 patients (65 ± 13 years old, 50% male), 12% had a history of HF. Patients from the HF group were older, more often males, had more comorbidities, more often dyspnea, pulmonary and peripheral congestion, inflammation, and end-organ damage biomarkers. HF patients had longer and more complicated hospital stay, with more frequent acute HF development as compared with non-HF. They had significantly higher mortality assessed in hospital (35% vs. 12%) at three (53% vs. 22%) and six months (72% vs. 47%). Of 76 (4%) patients who developed acute HF, 71% died during hospitalization, 79% at three, and 87% at six months. Conclusions: The history of HF identifies patients with COVID-19 who are at high risk of in-hospital complications and mortality up to six months of follow-up.

Highlights

Heart failure (HF) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide [1]
The single-center retrospective cohort study included consecutive adult patients hospitalized in the University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland between March 2020 and May 2021 with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 defined as a positive result by polymerase chain reaction testing of a nasopharyngeal sample or a positive blood antigen test
We found a relationship between history of heart failure (HF) before hospitalization and mortality in COVID-19 patients in relation to all endpoints

Summary

Introduction

Heart failure (HF) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide [1]. Approximately 64.3 million people currently live with HF, and the prevalence is estimated at 1–2%of the adult population in developed countries [2,3]. Working Group of the Polish Cardiac Society based on reports of the National Health Fund, about 1.2 million people suffer from HF and 140 thousand die every year in Poland [4]. In-hospital mortality during HF hospitalizations is unacceptably high and varies from 12 to 19%, depending on consecutive years, gender, and age groups [6]. Patients with heart failure (HF) are at high risk of unfavorable courses of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with HF. The study population was divided into a HF group (patients with a history of HF) and a non-HF group. Results: Out of 2184 patients (65 ± 13 years old, 50% male), 12% had a history of HF. HF patients had longer and more complicated hospital stay, with more frequent acute HF development as compared with non-HF

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