History of adrenal discovery

Abstract

The names of the majority neurotransmitters are little known to the average citizen. But the mention of adrenaline immediately generates a storm of associations. Someone's head will have a profile of Jason Statham from film of the same name. The purpose of the article. The adrenaline rushed a symbol of something risky and attractive in its own way, but what is adrenaline from the point of view of a neurophysiologist - the goal proposed article. A number of studies have shown that y athletes during training and competitive loads increases the activity of sympatho-adrenal and hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal systems. In this case there is an activation of physical activity mechanisms of general adaptation, which leads to changes in hormonal spectrum, which provides mobilization as energy and plastic reserves of the body, as well as its restoration. One of the groups of stress hormones produced by the cerebral layer of the adrenal glands and called catecholamines. This group includes hormones adrenaline and norepinephrine. Both hormones are synthesized fromamino acids of tyrosine under the influence of nerve impulses. The main hormone of this group is adrenaline. We set for the aim is to study the historical stages that preceded the discovery adrenal hormones, using comparative and historical methods. Relevance of research. In 1894 George Oliver and Edward Schaefer demonstrated vasoconstrictor (vasoconstrictor) and pressor effect of extraction from the adrenal glands. An important role in study of the properties of adrenaline played a role Leipzig surgeon Heinrich Brown, about the possibility use of adrenaline under local anesthesia. So adrenaline, widely used in anesthesiology, which remains relevant to this day. Conclusions. Study of historical information about the discovery hormones form a holistic view and expand knowledge in the field physiology and pathophysiology of the endocrine system.