Historical stages of the establishment of extreme tourism

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The purpose of the study is to determine the features of extreme tourism as an actual form of recreational activity, emphasizing the historical principles of its formation in the past and the uniqueness of its development in modern societyIn order to achieve the set goal, it is planned to solve the following tasks: 1) to define the essence of extreme tourism; 2) to investigate the process of historical formation and development of extreme tourism; 3) define and analyze modern types of extreme tourism: water, land, mountain, air, exotic; 4) to identify and characterize risk factors in extreme tourism according to their nature; 5) highlight the conditions for the development of extreme tourism; 6) state the prospects for the development of extreme tourism. Research methods and methodology. The methodological basis of the work: observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, the method of theoretical research.System-structural, structural-geographic and landscape-dynamic methodological approaches were used in the process of researching the possibilities of extreme tourism developmentThe methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity and scientificity. Scientific novelty. The scientific study emphasizes the role of extreme tourism in society as a form of recreational activity, analyzes 112Вісник КНЛУ. Серія Історія, економіка, філософія. Випуск 28. 2023its varieties according to directions: water, land, mountain, air, exotic. Attention is focused on the historical uniqueness of the emergence and formation of extreme tourism. Research results. The study emphasizes the peculiarity and perspective of the development of extreme tourism, as one of the most dangerous types of tourism. All types of dangers in extreme tourism are classified according to the nature of the phenomenon and the role of tourists in the occurrence of a dangerous situation. Risk factors in extreme tourism are classified by their nature. The areas of improvement and conditions for the development of extreme tourism in Europe in accordance with the use of tourist and recreational resources are proposed in the study.