Histopathological evaluation of the platelets rich fibrin and bone marrow on healing of experimental induced distal radial fracture in local dogs

Thanoon M G

doi:10.30539/iraqijvm.v43i1.465

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of platelets rich fibrin and bone marrow on healing of distal radial fracture in local dogs. Twenty four adult animals (males and non-pregnant females of local breed dogs); had mean age 2.6 ±0.15 years and body weight 24.58 ±1.07 kgs were used. The experimental animals were randomly divided into three equal groups. First group (Control group), transverse fracture was induced at the distal portion of radial bone and immobilized by using Plaster of Paris, the fracture line didn't treated with any substance. Second group (Platelets Rich Fibrin group), in which the fracture line was surrounded by the platelets rich fibrin. Third group (Bone Marrow group) in which the fracture line was surrounded by autologous bone marrow. The histopathological results confirmed that the third group was the best one in its response for fractured bone healing in both periods sixth and tenth week, while the second group was came in the second rank, whereas the first group was the slowest response for fractured bone healing, represented by trabecular bone formation. The concentration rates of calcium and alkaline phosphatase enzyme increased at the weeks that follow surgical operation. In conclusion, the using of bone marrow and platelets rich fibrin are enhance the healing of distal radial fracture.

Highlights

The distal radial fracture is representing 17.8 % of all canine fractures and about 85% of the all radius fractures
The aim of this study was evaluated of platelets rich fibrin and bone marrow on healing of distal radial fracture in local dogs
Transverse fracture was induced at the distal portion of radial bone in all experimental animals, A protocol of general anesthesia include a mixture of Xylazine hydrochloride 2% with Ketamine hydrochloride 10% at a dose 5 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg B.W., intramuscular respectively

Summary

Introduction

The distal radial fracture is representing 17.8 % of all canine fractures and about 85% of the all radius fractures. The delay-union, mal-union or even non-union healing is common in distal radial fracture especially in toy breeds dogs )2(. The platelets regulate the healing process including cellular migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis; it controls the cell apoptosis and interaction with progenitor cells. Platelet is highly specialized secretory cell releases growth factors with cytokines to improve healing process. These platelet growth factors enhance chemotaxis, induction, differentiation and proliferation of stem cells, progenitor osteoblasts, and influences on bone cells activity. The effective role of platelets is to reduce the excessive inflammation as well as acting as a scaffold to bridge the fracture gap and for the rapid and beneficial transferring of mesenchymal stem cells, progenitor cells, and growth factors(4)

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