Abstract
Introduction: Cadmium is a common heavy metal toxicant that can cause diverse tissue toxicities and pathologies. Conversely, ascorbic acid is a natural anti-oxidant that can ameliorate cytotoxic effects of tissue toxicants. In this study, the objective was to assess the histomorphological profile of liver and kidney tissues of albino Wistar rats after exposure to cadmium-induced damage and ascorbic acid supplementation. Subjects and Methods: 24 animals were divided into four groups (1-4) comprising of six animals each (n=6). Normal control group 1 was given distilled water, test control group 2 given 5 mg/kg Cadmium chloride and test groups 3 and 4 given 5 mg/kg Cadmium chloride + 100 mg/kg ascorbic acid and 5 mg/kg + 200 mg/kg ascorbic acid respectively. The route of the 21 days administration was oral. Thereafter, the liver and kidney of experimental animals were harvested, weighed and processed. Results: Only the test control group 2 showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in mean organ weight compared to normal control group 1. Similarly, only the test control group 2 animals showed significant alterations in the liver and kidney histomorphological profile compared to normal control group 1. Conclusion: The ascorbic acid exhibited prominent ameliorative effect against damaging effect of cadmium exposure leading to relative reparation of liver and kidney histomorphology in albino Wistar rats.
Highlights
Cadmium is a common heavy metal toxicant that can cause diverse tissue toxicities and pathologies
The ascorbic acid exhibited prominent ameliorative effect against damaging effect of cadmium exposure leading to relative reparation of liver and kidney histomorphology in albino Wistar rats
The objective of this study was to assess the histomorphological profile of liver and kidney tissues of albino Wistar rats after exposure to cadmium-induced damage and ascorbic acid supplementation
Summary
Cadmium is a common heavy metal toxicant that can cause diverse tissue toxicities and pathologies. Environmental toxicants have become a major source of health hazards to humans thereby impacting negatively on the health and overall well-being of exposed individuals Among these environmental toxicants, heavy metals stand out as major cause various tissue pathologies and threat to health status of an individual.[1] During exposure to tissue toxicants including heavy metals, the liver and kidney tissues are among the most susceptible bodily tissues to their toxic effects.[2,3] One of such heavy metal is cadmium whose exposure has been linked with various tissue toxicities including nervous, respiratory, reproductive, cardiovascular, hepatic and renal tissues.[4,5,6] Cadmium is a non-biodegradable heavy metal which possesses a relatively long half-life and readily accumulates in bodily tissues wherein it produces tissue toxicities leading to tissue dysfunction.[7,8,9,10] The cadmium exposure and accumulation in these tissues cause significant reduction of activities of certain anti-oxidant enzymes and induced membrane lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage.[11,12,13] The oxidative tissue damage that follows cadmium exposure have been described to results from generation of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances that act to impair the anti-oxidant defence system.[14,15,16] On the other hand, anti-oxidants, such as ascorbic acid, act to ameliorate the cytotoxic effects of tissue toxicants. The objective of this study was to assess the histomorphological profile of liver and kidney tissues of albino Wistar rats after exposure to cadmium-induced damage and ascorbic acid supplementation
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