Abstract
The aim of this study was to elaborate a histological model of incisional skin wound healing in Sprague-Dawley rats. Under aseptic conditions two paravertebral full thickness skin incisions were performed on the back of 42 anesthetized male rats. Histological sections from tissue specimens were stained by hematoxylin and eosin, van Gieson, PAS + PSD, Mallory's phosphotungstic hematoxylin and azur and eosin and evaluated during the first seven days after surgery. Histological evaluation revealed that the regeneration of injured epidermis was completed five days after surgery. The inflammatory phase was recorded during the first three days of healing with the culmination of this phase between day one and day two. The beginning of the proliferative phase was dated to the first day and the peak during day five and day six. The initiation of the maturation and remodeling phase of the healing process was observed six days after wounding. At the layer of striated muscle, the centronucleated cells were described for the first time six days after surgery. The wound healing process of rat skin was histologically described during the first seven days. Results of this work can serve as an experimental model for further research using external pharmacological and physical factors (laser light, magnetic field) by which the wound healing can be favourably influenced.
Highlights
Wound healing is one of the most complex biological events after birth (Gillitzer et al 2001)
Tissues of mammals consist of a mixture of cells that includes three types: permanently dividing - labile cells (e. g. epithelial cells), cells that occasionally go back to the cell cycle - stabile cells (e. g. fibroblasts, satellite cells) and non-dividing cells (e. g. striated muscle cells) (Kumar et al 2003)
If some hair follicles are placed in the incisional space, they can serve as other centers of epithelization
Summary
Wound healing is one of the most complex biological events after birth (Gillitzer et al 2001) It is a complex process of the replacement of dead tissue by a vital tissue (Rubin et al 1994). The healing process of injured striated muscle includes three phases: the destruction phase, the repair phase and the remodeling phase (M enet rey et al 2000). During the repair and remodeling phase of muscle healing, there are two concurrent processes that are at the same time supportive and competitive with each other (Järvinen et al 2005). The second one is the formation of the granulation and scar tissue, which serve as a scaffold for regenerating myofibers. This is very similar to the healing of injured dermis. Wound healing needs to be understood so that the patient’s care may be optimized
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