Histological patterns of the stomach of Yorkshire piglets in the age aspect

Abstract

Pig breeding is currently a fairly promising industry that is able to ensure the food security of citizens in the Russian Federation with meat, bacon and bacon products. By nature, the stomach of pigs is classified as a mixed type (esophageal-intestinal), and therefore there is a special interest in studying the histological structure of the stomach in newborn piglets. The purpose of our study is to study the histological patterns of the stomach wall of Yorkshire piglets in the age aspect, to clarify morphometric indicators and to characterize histostructures. As a result of the study, two age groups of piglets were used: newborn one-day-old piglets and 28-30 days of the postnatal period of ontogenesis. The histological method was used for the study. According to the results of the study, it was found that the stomach wall of Yorkshire piglets of two age groups is represented by three membranes: the mucosa, which borders on the submucosal base; muscle and serous membranes. The mucous membrane is represented by simple weakly branching tubular glands formed by the main, lining and accessory cells. At the age of 30 days, mucus-producing cells in the cardiac department were detected mainly in the deep parts of the mucosa, in the fundal they showed weak secretory activity throughout the branching tubular glands, and in the pyloric, as in the cardiac department, they were most often found in deep areas of the mucous membrane. Numerous nerve plexuses and ganglia were observed between the circular and longitudinal layers of smooth musculature in the thickness of the muscle membranes, occurring both in a oneday-old animal and at the age of 30 days. The serous lining of the stomach had a typical structure, was represented by loose connective tissue covered with mesothelium.