Histological investigation of the effect of Α-Tocopherol on Arterial Wall Structure in Diabetic Rat Model

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality in diabetic individuals. The aim of our study is to investigate histologically whether the use of alpha-tocopherol in diabetic rats would have an effect on the antioxidant system and would provide positive effects on vessel wall damage. For the study, 32 wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. The groups are Control+SF, Control+alpha-tocopherol, DM model, DM+alpha-tocopherol. Arterial tissue specimens were fixed formaldehyde. Routine tissue follow-up was performed and hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E) staining was performed. Arterial wall damage score was calculated. As a result of the evaluation, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U Test and descriptive analyzes were applied for statistical analyzes. In light microscopic examinations; in DM group was determined endothelial cell damage, intracytoplasmic edema and swelling in the smooth muscle cells. In sections of the DM + alpha-tocopherol group, endothelial cells were evaluated as normal. Although there were no differences between DM and DM + alpha-tocopherol groups, there was a significant difference in luminal diameter between Control and DM +alpha-tocopherol in evaluating parameters such as vessel diameter, lumen cap, vessel wall thickness and Tunica media thickness (p˂ 0,005). In our study, the use of alpha-tocopherol in diabetic rats was thought to have an effect on the antioxidant system, which could have a positive effect on vessel wall injury. However, it has come to the conclusion that the therapeutic effect of alpha-tocopherol on cellular damage due to vascular complications in the vascular structure of diabetes is limited.