Abstract
Background: The use of biomaterials is commonplace in dentistry for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new alloplastic material for bone repair in critical defects and to evaluate the extent of the inflammatory process. Methods: Forty-five New Zealand rabbits were divided into five groups according to evaluation time (7, 14, 30, 60, 120 days), totaling 180 sites with six-millimeter diameter defects in their tibiae. The defects were filled with alloplastic material consisting of poly (lactide-co-caprolactone), beta-tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and nano-hydroxyapatite (BTPHP) in three different presentations: paste, block, and membrane. Comparisons were established with reference materials, such as Bio-ossTM, Bio-oss CollagenTM, and Bio-gideTM, respectively. The samples were HE-stained and evaluated for inflammatory infiltrate (scored for intensity from 0 to 3) and the presence of newly formed bone at the periphery of the defects. Results: Greater bone formation was observed for the alloplastic material and equivalent inflammatory intensity for both materials, regardless of evaluation time. At 30 days, part of the synthetic biomaterial, regardless of the presentation, was resorbed. Conclusions: We concluded that this novel alloplastic material showed osteoconductive potential, biocompatibility, low inflammatory response, and gradual resorption, thus an alternative strategy for guided bone regeneration.
Highlights
The use of biomaterials is common practice in dentistry for bone regeneration, especially in procedures that require bone neoformation [1,2]
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of an alloplastic material composed of poly (l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) arranged with electronegative charges, polyethylene glycol, beta-tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, and nanohydroxyapatite, available in three different presentations, in the process of bone repair in critical defects in rabbit tibia, as well as to evaluate the extent of the inflammatory process formed in this type of grafting procedure
At 14 days, a discrete inflammatory process and bone neoformation was observed on the edges of the defects as well as the periphery of the biomaterial in both groups
Summary
The use of biomaterials is common practice in dentistry for bone regeneration, especially in procedures that require bone neoformation [1,2]. The most commonly used xenograft is deproteinized bovine mineral bone [7]. This material has demonstrated excellent results in terms of space maintenance and induction of bone formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new alloplastic material for bone repair in critical defects and to evaluate the extent of the inflammatory process. Results: Greater bone formation was observed for the alloplastic material and equivalent inflammatory intensity for both materials, regardless of evaluation time. At 30 days, part of the synthetic biomaterial, regardless of the presentation, was resorbed
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