Abstract
Hypothyroidism is one of the most prevalent endocrine diseases in routine clinical practice. The most common etiology worldwide is iodine deficiency. In countries with sufficient iodine intake, it is Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In this sense, it is important to take an adequate case history and physical examination for a diagnosis, although confirmation is determined by biochemical analysis. The universal screening protocol consists of the initial TSH measurement and, in case of abnormal values, FT4 measurement. The normal limits for TSH are controversial and continue to be the subject of debate today. They have associated conditioning factors such as pregnancy or the normal limit in the older adult population. Replacement therapy is not always indicated, but when it is, oral levothyroxine is the treatment of choice.
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