Hip distraction index in American bullies

Abstract

Hip dysplasia is a multifactorial pathology of development in dogs, most often associated with genetics. This disease is chronic and can lead to severe osteoarthritis, which significantly reduces the quality of life of the animal. Early diagnosis contributes to a significant improvement in the quality of life of the animal. One such method is the method for determining the distraction index (ID). The purpose of the study was to study the anatomical and physiological parameters of the assessment of the hip joints in American Bullies. The object of the study was 11 dogs of the American Bully breed. The studies were carried out under sedation with a preliminary clinical examination of each dog, echocardiography (ECHOCG) and blood sampling for general clinical and biochemical analyzes to confirm clinical health and the absence of contraindications to sedation. The study was carried out using the Sedecal Neovet F X-ray unit in compliance with all X-ray safety standards. The distraction index (ID) was measured using the standard formula: ID = d/r, where d is the distance between the centers of the circumferences of the femoral head and the glenoid cavity of the innominate bone, and r is the radius of the circumference of the femoral head. During the study, the obtained distraction index indicated a high probability of developing hip dysplasia, which was not confirmed by a detailed analysis of the structures of the hip joint, anamnesis (no complaints and cases of lameness), as well as a negative Ortolani test. When conducting X-ray studies in dogs, including at an early age, and measuring the index of distraction of the hip joints, specialists need to take into account the breed peculiarity of American Bullies and higher values of the index, which, according to our study, are a variant of their physiological norm (0,34±0,60 ).