Abstract

In 1994, carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) was initiated at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) in Japan using the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC), which was the world’s first heavy ion accelerator complex dedicated to medical use. Among several types of ion species, carbon ions were chosen for cancer therapy because they were presumed to possess optimal properties in terms of biologically effective dose localization.

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