Hilbert–Huang transform, Hurst and chaotic analysis based flow regime identification methods for an airlift reactor

Abstract

The flow regimes and their transitions in an internal loop airlift reactor were investigated. The Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) was applied to analyze the energy–frequency–time distribution of the pressure signal. It was found that the Hilbert spectrum of the pressure signal was closely related to the superficial gas velocity. The stochastic behaviors of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) extracted from the pressure signal were studied using the Hurst analysis. Two different Hurst exponents were obtained for each pressure signal: one was smaller than 0.5, while the other was larger than 0.5, representing the anti-persistent and persistent hydrodynamic behaviors, respectively. The evolution of the larger Hurst exponent clearly indicated flow regime transitions in the downcomer. The wavelet transform combined with the autocorrelation analysis were applied to extract chaotic components of the pressure signal. Two flow regime transition points were successfully detected from the evolution of chaotic parameters, i.e. the largest Lyapunov exponent, correlation dimension and Kolmogorov entropy.