High‐performance photonic crystal fibre biosensor for identifying Jurkat cells by refractive index analysis

Abstract

AbstractJurkat cells are immortalised lines of human T lymphocyte cells widely used in research to study leukaemia, signalling of T cells, and immune responses. These cells can be used as models to define the mechanisms of leukaemia and to develop mechanism‐based therapies. Jurkat cells can be detected with remarkable accuracy using the recently created Photonic Crystal Fibre (PCF). The suggested design has a hybrid arrangement on its clad surface and a rectangular core. The recently released PCF analyser displays a maximum Relative Sensitivity are 95.81% for Jurkat (type I) and 94.93% for Jurkat (type II), respectively. The Effective Material Loss of 0.0070 cm−1, 0.0080 cm−1, and the Confinement Loss of 9.11 × 10−9 dB/m, 9.15 × 10−8 dB/m were also examined for the previously described units. Jurkat cells represent a model of leukaemia that is very malignant and proliferative, representative of aggressive T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with the ability to progress rapidly and hence poor prognosis for patients. The benefit of applying a suggested PCF sensor to Jurkat cell detection lies in the high sensitivity to refractive index changes, allowing label‐free and real‐time monitoring of cell interaction. This PCF sensor can offer high light‐matter interaction, custom geometry, and biocompatibility for specific and reliable detection of deadly Jurkat cells in biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.